摘要
目的:探讨麻疹流行病学特点和临床特征。方法:对收住院的149例麻疹病例进行回顾性分析。结果:149例患者,年龄16 d～43岁。8个月及以下患儿28例(18.79%),8个月以上～7岁患儿64例(42.95%),7岁以上～16岁3例(2.01%),16岁以上54例(36.24%),发病高峰集中在2月份72例(48.32%)。血清麻疹IgM抗体阳性149例(100%)。发热、皮疹均149例(100%)。Koplik斑142例(95.30%)。并发肺炎110例(73.83%);肝功损害89例(59.73%);腹泻56例(37.58%);电解质紊乱48例(32.21%);尿路感染39例(26.17%);心肌损害29例(27.10%);喉炎14例(9.40%);气管-支气管炎8例(5.41%);心衰7例(4.70%);病毒性角膜炎和急性扁桃体炎各5例(3.36%);皮下气肿、病毒性脑炎各2例(1.34%)。结论:学龄前儿童和成年人发病率高,与麻疹疫苗未规范接种或接种疫苗后抗体滴度下降等因素有关;8个月以下的婴儿发病率在上升,可能与母亲未规范接种过或接种麻疹疫苗后抗体滴度下降等因素有关;婴幼儿患者临床病毒血症较重。易合并脏器损害;合并肺炎、肝功损害和腹泻的患者较多见。
Objective： Discuss the measles epidemiology characteristic and the clinical characteristic. Methods： The clinical data of 149 measles in patients were analyzed by the method of retrospective analysis. Results： Among these 149 cases, age 16 days to 43-year-old. 28 cases （18.79%） aged 8 months or less and 64 cases （42.95%） aged above 8 months to 7-years-old, 3 cases （2.01%） above 7 years-old to 16-years old, 54 cases （36.24%） above 16 years-old . The morbidity peak is in fabruary all together 72 cases （48. 32%）. 149 cases （100%） serum measles IgM antibody masculine gender. All cases get fever and rash. 142 cases （95. 30%） have Koplik speckle. 110 cases （73. 83%） being complicated by a pneumonia. 89 cases （59.73%） liver meritorious service damage. 56 eases （37.58%） diarrhea. 48 eases （32.21%） electrolyte disorderly. 39 cases （26.17%） the urine road infects. 29 cases （27.10%） cardiac muscle damage. 14 cases （9.4%） being complicated bya laryngitis. 8 cases （5.41%） being Trachea-bronchitis. 7 cases （4.70%） combine the heart declining; 5 cases （3.36%） viral corneitis; 5 cases （3.36%） urgent amygdalitis; 2 cases （1.34%） the subcutaneous gas is swollen. 2 cases （1.34%） viral cephalitis. Conclusion：Preschool children and adult morbidity are high, not standard factors such as inoculating with or innoculating with vaccine queen antibody drop of degree go down is connected with the measles vaccine; 8 months of following babies morbidity is rising, may not have standardized with the mother inoculate with factor in relation to such as living with or inoculating with measles vaccine queen antibody drop of degree go down; clinical baby infant patient viremia is heavier. Damage easy to combine a visceral organ;Combine pneumonia, liver meritorious service damage and the patient who diarrhea see comparatively much.
出处
《新疆医科大学学报》
CAS
2009年第8期1091-1093,共3页
Journal of Xinjiang Medical University
关键词
麻疹
临床特征
疫苗
measles
epidemiology
vaccine
