摘要
以酸化油为原料两步法制备生物柴油,以对甲苯磺酸作为催化剂,采用分段反应的预酯化工艺先将酸化油脂中的脂肪酸转变为脂肪酸甲酯(FAME),然后再碱催化酯交换反应得到生物柴油。考察了甲醇与脂肪酸物质的量之比(醇酸比)等不同条件对预酯化反应的影响。通过正交试验得到最佳的预酯化反应条件并研究了油脂酸价对碱催化酯交换的影响。试验结果表明,各因素对酯化反应影响大小依次为反应温度、催化剂用量、醇酸比和反应时间,预酯化最优化的工艺条件为:醇酸比10∶1,催化剂用量3%,反应时间150 min,反应温度70℃,通过分段反应的预酯化工艺,反应时间缩短了1 h,催化剂回收率达到90%以上。进行碱催化酯交换的油脂要求酸价不能大于4 mg/g。
Biodiesel was prepared from waste acidificated oil of high-acid-value by fore-estefification and transesterification. Fore-esterification transforms fatty acid of oil into fatty acid methyl ester （FAME） using toluene-p-sulfonic acid as catalyst. Transesterification transforms FAME into biodisel using alkali as catalyst. In the fore-esterification stage, the effects of mole ratio of alcohol to fatty acid, catalyst dose, reaction time and reaction temperature were investigated. The optimum conditions for fore- esterification are optimized by orthogonal experiment. The result shows that the optimum conditions are as follow： n（alcohol） ： n（fatty acid）10： 1, catalyst dose 3 % , reaction time 150 rain, reaction temperature 70℃. The reaction time is shortened 1 h and the recovery of catalyst is over 90 % by the two-stage esterification. The influence of acid value of oil on transesterification was investigated. The result shows that the acid value of oil used for transesterification could not be more than 4 mg/g.
出处
《林产化学与工业》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期47-52,共6页
Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products
基金
国家林业局948引进创新项目(2006-4-C05)
关键词
酸化油
预酯化
酯交换
生物柴油
acidification oil
fore-esterification
transesterifieation
biodiesel
