摘要
为了大量繁殖供环境释放的空心莲子草叶甲Agasicles hygrophila以实现空心莲子草区域减灾,我们探索出室内大量饲养与繁殖空心莲子草叶甲的方法与流程,包括用叶片法或苗水培法孵化卵粒、用盒养法饲养各龄幼虫与成虫并供成虫产卵、用栽培活苗笼养法化蛹羽化。在室内成虫终日均能取食、交配、产卵,产卵前期约4～5d,产卵高峰期在羽化后第7～24天,每雌平均产卵21.08块,约570粒。盒养法叶片平均可着卵4.28块,叶背与叶面着卵量相近;笼养法叶片平均着卵为1.46块,卵主要产于叶背。盒养法与笼养法得到的卵孵化率分别为94.02%与92.50%。空心莲子草叶甲除化蛹需在栽培活苗上完成外,各龄幼虫与成虫均可用离体新鲜苗盒养法密集饲养。初孵1龄幼虫转株(叶)期、3龄老熟幼虫转化蛹苗期是室内大量饲养与繁殖空心莲子草叶甲的关键时期,高密度成功饲养与繁殖空心莲子草叶甲的最适化蛹接虫量是每株8头,产卵期雌虫的最适密度是每株5头。
In order to achieve the massive rearing and release of the alligator weed flea beetle, Agasicles hygrophila, for controlling the damage of alligator weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides, we explored and established the method and work flow of massively rearing A. hygrophila in the laboratory. Our method and work flow involve the combination of the following steps in sequential order： hatching eggs by putting the leaves with eggs into rearing dish or the seedlings with eggs into jars containing water; rearing the 1 st, 2nd, 3rd instar larvae and the adults of A. hygrophila, and having the adults lay eggs by putting the plants of A. philoxeroides into rearing box; helping A. hygrophila to complete the pupation and eclosion process by using live stems planted in a bucket filled with a layer of thin wet soil. The adults of A. hygrophila were able to feed, copulate and lay eggs around the clock. The prophase of egg-laying was about 4 -5 d and the peak phase of egg-laying was from the 7th to 24th day after eclosion. The average egg mass and egg number per female was 21.08 and about 570 in total in rearing box, respectively. The average egg mass on one leaf of alligator weed was 4.28 with the approximately same number on the back of leaf when reared in rearing box. The average egg mass on one leaf of A. philoxeroides was 1.46 and the eggs were mainly laid on the back of leaf when reared in cage. The ratios of A. hygrophila hatched eggs obtained from rearing box and cage were 94.02% and 92.50%, respectively. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd instar larva and the adult could be reared in high density using fresh broken seedlings of A. philoxeroides in rearing box. However, the pupation could only be completed smoothly using live stem planted in wet soil. We found that the periods from early 1 st instar larva transferring to fresh plants （or leaves） and from fully developed 3rd instar larva in transition to pupation were both the critical phases for successful high-density rearing. The ontimal density
of fully developed 3rd instar larvae in transition to pupation was 8 individuals per plant, while the optimal density of egg-laying females was 5 individuals per plant.
出处
《昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第8期867-874,共8页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
基金
"973"计划项目(2009CB119200)
国家科技部支撑计划项目(2006BAD08A18)
国家自然科学基金项目(30871638)
湖南省自然科学基金项目(08JJ3085)
湖南省科技厅项目(2007FJ4197)
湖南科技大学科技创新团队项目(109-380815)
关键词
空心莲子草
空心莲子草叶甲
生物学
大量饲养与繁殖
区域减灾
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Agasicles hygrophila
biology
massive rearing and reproduction
decreasing district disaster
