摘要
隧道通风中稀释CO的需风量是用来满足人体的卫生健康要求的,CO对人体的危害与CO的浓度和人体在CO环境中所处的时间有关。现行隧道通风规范中给出了CO的设计浓度,可以用来计算CO设计需风量;而在隧道运营通风中,随着机动车行驶速度的变化,机动车穿过隧道的时间不同,需要根据运营工况调节通风量。CFK方程(Coburn-Forster-Kane方程或者剂量-反应方程)是用来计算在一定CO浓度环境中的停留时间与人体血液中碳氧血红蛋白浓度(COHb)的公式。根据纵向通风CO浓度沿程分布的特点,改进了CFK方程,并根据改进的CFK方程计算在不同速度以及COHb下的纵向通风CO需风量。结果表明,采用改进的CFK方程的计算纵向通风的需风量更加符合纵向通风的特点,其计算结果比改进之前要小约一半;人体COHb浓度限值是对于通风量的较敏感因素;在20 km/h时,改进CFK方程需风量计算结果是根据规范计算的CO设计需风量的约80%;行车速度越大,采用改进CFK方程计算得到的需风量结果比设计需风量小得越多。
The ventilation flow rate in tunnel, which should meet the human health requirement, is related to the carbon monoxide concentration and the staying time of human body in tunnel. The actual tunnel ventilation code specifies the design carbon monoxide concentration without relation to the time. The ventilation flow rate, however, changes according to the vehicle speed and the time that the vehicles stay in tunnels. CFK（ Cobum-Forster-Kane ） equation can be used to calculate the COHb concentration from environment CO concentration and the staying time. In this paper, CFK equation was altered according to the concentration characteristic of longitudinal ventilation, and carbon monoxide concentration limit and ventilation flow rate were calculated based on the altered CFK equation. The results show that the altered CFK equation can better represent the characteristic of longitudinal ventilation and the ventilation flow rate based on it is almost the half of ventilation flow rate by using the original CFK equation. The limit of human COHb is more sensitive than other parameters. The ventilation flow rate calculated by using altered CFK equation is about 80% of the value based on the present specification. With the increase of vehicle speed, the ventilation flow rate based on altered CFK equation become much smaller than the designing value.
出处
《地下空间与工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期711-715,共5页
Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering
基金
上海市科技攻关重大专项(04dz12020)
关键词
隧道工程
通风
CO浓度
CFK方程
tunnel engineering
ventilation
carbon monoxide concentration
CFK equation
