摘要
清代医生的道德生活是"民医"而非"官医"的道德生活,它具体地表现在对医疗事业、同行、患者和社会的态度上。医生对医疗事业的态度主要表现在医生选择医生职业的动机、对医术的精益求精和著书立说上。医生之间既存在着合作关系又存在着竞争关系,其态度的实质和核心就是对利益的态度,并通过如何对待医术表现出来。一般说来,清代医生对待其医术时是奉行内外有别的原则的,不仅血缘有内外,而且师承也有内外。医生对患者的态度具体表现在对生命健康、金钱的态度和一般的文明举止上。出于生命神圣的观念、出于医生的做人原则和对自身利益的追求来对待生命,是医生对病人的三种态度;正当谋利、不计较酬金的多少、不受酬报和资助病人并不图回报是医生对待金钱的四种主要态度。医治国家、扬善抑恶、传播知识和乐善好施则被医生视为自己对社会的主要道德责任。
The moral life of the doctors in the Qing dynasty is that of a ＂civilian doctor＂, not of an ＂official doctor＂, as is reflected in the attitudes towards the medical cause, person in the same trade, patients and society. The attitudes of a doctor to his cause mainly demonstrates in the occupation choosing motive, the perfection seeking and writing scholarly works. There are relationships of both cooperation and competition among doctors, whose essence and core are the attitude to benefit and can be mirrored in the attitude to the medical skills. Generally, doctors in the Qing dynasty follow the principle of ＂ differentiated＂ in terms of both consanguinity and mentor-disciple relationship. The doctor＇s attitude toward the patient demonstrates in his attitudes to the health of lives and money, and the normal manners. There are three attitudes to patients： those in favor of sacredness of life, those in favor of the doctor＇s personal principle, and those in pursuit of his own benefit. As to the attitude to money, there are four attitudes ： justly making profit, going easy on the amount of the reward, rejecting the reward and subsidizing the patient. Curing the people, spreading goodness and restraining evil, spreading knowledge and kindly benefiting others are the major moral responsibilities.
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2009年第4期13-19,共7页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology（Social Sciences）
基金
国家社会科学基金重点研究课题"中华民族道德生活史(编号:03AZX006)
国家人文社会科学重点研究基地重大研究项目"中华民族道德生活史"(编号:02JAZJD720007)
关键词
清代
医生
道德生活
the Qing Dynasty
doetor
moral life
