摘要
芥蓝(Brassica oleracea var.alboglabraBailey;Brassica alboglabra Bailey)古称隔蓝,它是十字花科芸薹属的甘蓝类蔬菜。如所周知:甘蓝类蔬菜如结球甘蓝、羽衣甘蓝、皱叶甘蓝、抱子甘蓝、球茎甘蓝和花椰菜等均起源于地中海沿岸地区的野生甘蓝,只有芥蓝的起源地域尚有中国南方说和地中海沿岸地区说等不同意见。根据我国古代文献记载,芥蓝起源于中国南方。早在公元5、6世纪的南北朝时期,可供蔬食的散叶类型甘蓝(Brassica oleracea L.)就从其原产地域经由中亚地区传入了中国,当时被称为"西土蓝"。其后在副热带气候条件下的广东地区通过基因突变,以及长期的人工选育,最终形成了以嫩叶和花薹供食的芥蓝。芥蓝起源的时间,不迟于公元7世纪的唐代初期,这比此前流行的说法提早了1个世纪。笔者认为芥蓝实为甘蓝(Brassica oleracea L.)的变种,其学名选用Brassica oleracea var.alboglabra Bailey更为贴切。又鉴于芥蓝与芥菜没有亲缘关系,把芥蓝的英文名称译为:Whiteglabrous mustara,不如译为:Chinese kale(其释义为:中国的羽衣甘蓝)更为恰当。
Brassica alboglabra Bailey belonns to Cruciferae. It is a vegetable of kale kind, such as cabbage, Chinese kale, savoy cabbage, brussels sprouts, kohlrabi and cauliflower, etc. As everybody knows kale came from wild cabbage grown in the areas of the Mediterranean Sea. However, there was another saying： kale came from both southern China and the Mediterranean Sea areas. According to the record of ancient literature in China, Brassica alboglabra Bailey originated from southern China. Early in the 5th and 6th Century AD. , during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Brassica oleracea L. which could be eaten as vegetable came from its originated region through central Asia into China. It was called ＇cabbage from the western world＇. Thereafter, in Guangdong region under subtropical climate condition by gene mutation and through long period of artificial selection, it becomes Brassica alboglabra Bailey. Its tender leaves and flower buds are edible. Times for Brassica alboglabra Bailey originating was no later than 7th Century AD. , when the Tang Dynasty was just starting. This saying was one century earlier than the prevalent talking. The author deems Brassica alboglabra Bailey is the mutation of Brassica oleracea L. Its scientific name should be Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra Bailey. Since Brassica alboglabra Bailey has no parental relation with mustard, its English name should be Chinese kale, which is better than Whiteglabrous mustara.
出处
《中国蔬菜》
北大核心
2009年第14期62-65,共4页
China Vegetables
关键词
芥蓝
起源
考述
Brassica alboglabra Bailey
Origin
Textual research
