摘要
免疫监测是免疫检验中的重要组成部分，包含从细胞到生物分子等多种指标。在此重点讨论3个问题：首先，T淋巴细胞是所有免疫应答的中心环节，对其进行检测，对了解免疫相关疾病非常重要。在临床检验中应根据实验室条件（如流式细胞仪）和检测目的（如抗原特异性T淋巴细胞数量或功能）选择不同方法。其次，自身抗体是诊断自身免疫性疾病的重要指标；有些自身抗体甚至可预测疾病的发生，越来越多研究表明，肿瘤患者中存在多种自身抗体，这些自身抗体有可能对肿瘤诊断、治疗肿瘤靶分子的筛选提供帮助。另外，检测细胞因子是了解疾病免疫学机制的重要途径；细胞因子检测有助于判断疾病活动程度，但不具有器官或组织特异性；应加强细胞因子检测的质量控制，以提高其在临床检验中的应用质量。
Immunological surveillance, analysis including cells to biological is one of the important components in clinical laboratory immunology. This paper focuses on three issues. First of all is the t of antigen-specific T cell, which is very important for understanding the pathogenesis of immunological related diseases because of the central role played by T cell in immune response. It is optional to adopt different assays according to different facilities and purposes such as flow cytometer or the number or function of T cells. Secondly, it is no doubt that positive autoantibodies are key bio-markers in the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. And what is more autoantibodies could predict the occurrence of certain autoimmune diseases. More and more researches showed that autoantibodies could be detected in patients with tumors, which help for either diagnosis of tumors or screening of therapeutic target markers. Finally, the application of cytokine measurement is discussed. Clarification of cytokine profiles is the way to understanding pathogenesis of immunological related diseases, it is also in favor of monitoring severity of the diseases. But there are shortages concerning organ or tissue specific, as well as good quality control.
出处
《中华检验医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第7期735-738,共4页
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
