摘要
氯胺酮为苯环己哌啶(PCP)衍生物,是非竞争性N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸(NMDA)受体拮抗剂。除作为临床上常用的静脉麻醉药外,氯胺酮还具有一定的致幻作用和成瘾性,非法滥用氯胺酮的人数呈现快速增长趋势。本文根据氯胺酮的药理及毒理学特性与目前公认的药物成瘾机制,从与药物成瘾机制有关的强化效应和奖赏系统、解剖结构、相关受体及个体差异等方面,对氯胺酮成瘾的可能机制作一综述。
Ketamine is a phencyclidine derivative acting primarily as a noncompetitive antagonist of N- methyl-D-aspartate（NMDA） excitatory glutamate receptors. As a common intravenous anaesthetic in clinic, it is also increasingly abused because of its hallucination and addiction effects. Based on the pharmaco- logical and toxicologic characteristics of ketamine and the acknowledged addiction mechanism of other abused drugs, this article reviews the possible addiction mechanism of the ketamine in the aspects of its enhanced effects and reward systems, the anatomic structures, the related receptors and the individual differences.
出处
《法医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2009年第3期200-203,207,共5页
Journal of Forensic Medicine
基金
香港保健协会资助项目(20060909-9 HK)
