摘要
胶质细胞源性神经营养因子（glial cell line--derived neurotrophic factor ,GDNF）是转化生长因子（ transforming growth factor β, TGF - β）家族中的一员。GDNF是一种神经营养因子，通过与由GDNF家族受体（GDNF family receptor alpha 1, GFRα1 ）和c-Ret组合成的复合受体结合，激活细胞内一系列信号传导通路，发挥营养神经、抑制神经元变性坏死的作用。多项实验室及临床研究显示，GDNF对多巴胺（dopamine，DA）能神经元和外周的神经元如交感神经元、副交感神经元、感觉神经元与运动神经元等有营养和保护作用。最有希望成为治疗帕金森病（parkinson’s disease，PD）、肌萎缩侧索硬化症（amyotrophic lateral sclerosis，ALS）及外周神经元变性坏死的有效治疗手段。如何通过采用恰当的给药途径及方式，既能使其在体内高效稳定地发挥作用，又能将不良反应减到最低程度是未来研究的努力方向。
GDNF, a member of the transforming growth factorβ, is known to demonstrate neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic neurons through a heterodimetric receptor complex consisting of a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase, Ret, and the ligand binding component GDNF - family receptor α1 （ GFRα1 ）. It is demonstrated that GDNF enhances the survival and morphological differentiation of dopaminergic neurons. Many studies have examined GDNF therapy as a treatment for various diseases both of the central nervous system （ CNS）, including stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD , and amyotrophic lateral scleresis （ALS） and peripheral nervous systems, such as sympathetic neuron, parasympathetic neuron, peripheral motor neuron and sensory eurons. GDNF is considered to be one of the strongest neuroprotectants for dopaminergic neurons. In this review article, We have a brief rewiew about the neural protection of the GDNF in resent years. The future of GDNF therapy is uncertain, although GDNF has strong neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects. Steady and continuous efforts are required to elucidate the potencies of GDNF and its potential contribution to PD patients.
出处
《中国临床新医学》
2009年第5期451-455,共5页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF NEW CLINICAL MEDICINE
