摘要
目的探讨护理人员发生差错事故后压力源、焦虑状况、应对方式及其关系。方法对四川省4所综合医院发生差错事故后的203名护士采用自设护士发生差错事故后压力源调查表及焦虑自评量表、简易应对方式量表进行问卷调查。结果护士发生差错事故后前3位压力源为:患者或家属发现及发现后投诉致纠纷赔偿,相关部门对当事人、科室的处罚(经济、行政),对当事人及科室通报批评;护士发生差错事故后SAS总分为(37.76±8.38)分,显著高于常模(P<0.01),焦虑发生率为83.25%;护士发生差错事故后,积极应对评分显著高于常模,消极应对评分显著低于常模(均P<0.01);护士发生差错事故后压力源评分与积极应对评分呈负相关关系(P<0.01)。结论护理管理部门应高度重视发生差错事故后护士的工作压力源和心理健康状况;改进管理策略,营造安全文化,引导护士采取积极应对方式减轻心理压力,提高心理健康水平。
Objective To explore job stressors, anxiety and coping style among nurses who had made nursing errors and to explore their relationships. Methods Totally, 203 nurses who had made nursing errors from 4 comprehensive hospitals in Sichuan were investigated by filling out self-designed stressors questionnaire, Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire. Results The main stressors were compensation disputes with patients and their relatives, punishment from the manager, reprimands of person and department involued. The total score of SAS was 37.76±8.38, which was significantly higher than the norm （P〈0.01） ; 83.25% nurses suffered from anxiety. The score of positive coping style was significantly higher than the norm, and the score of negative coping style was significantly lower than the norm （P〈0.01 for both）. The total score of job stressor showed negative correlation with positive coping style （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Nursing managers should pay close attention to the job stressots and psychological status of nurses when they make nursing errors, and should improve managing strategy to help nurses take positive coping style.
