摘要
文章构建了一个政府规制的供求均衡模型,其基本思想是:政府规制的规范性目标是弥补由于自然垄断等造成的社会福利的损失,理想的规制供给和需求的均衡点由规范性目标决定。但是政府行为、产业行为、成本约束等因素使实际的均衡点往往偏离理想的均衡点,从而造成政府规制的低效。同时,由于自然垄断性等是变化的,理想均衡点也呈现变动的趋势,即如果政府规制的供给不能随规制需求的变动而及时调整,也会降低规制的有效性。该模型使公共利益理论和部门利益理论成为本模型的特例,模型的动态化解释了加强规制和放松规制的影响因素和条件。该模型为寻求提高政府规制有效性的途经提供了一个理论分析框架。
This paper seeks to establish a dynamic model of governmental regulation in terms of supply and demand equilibrium. The model shows that the ultimate goal for governmental regulation is to realize the equilibrium between supply and demand. However, since the supply and demand relationship is also affected by a number of variables, especially the sensitivity and responsiveness to the changes in the boundary, of natural monopoly, cost constraints and the competing tactics of different interest groups. Nevertheless, facts show that the ultimate goal is hard to attain and that the effectiveness of governmental regulation is always desired. The dynamics of the model indicates that changes in the variables that affect the supply and demand of governmental regulation will lead a state of balance to one of imbalance. In this context, governmental regulation needs to be relaxed or tightened in order to attain a new point of balance. And that the long-ternl force which decides institutional changes is demand factor, while the short-term force is supply factor. Therefore, we should regulate supply as the main mission to improve regulation effectiveness. This approach may serve as a theoretical framework for analyzing the effectiveness of governmental regulation.
出处
《商业经济与管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第5期61-67,共7页
Journal of Business Economics
关键词
政府规制
均衡模型
有效性
governmental regulation
model of supply and demand equilibrium
effectiveness of regulation
