摘要
本文对长江口安氏白虾和日本沼虾的营养成分和营养品质进行了比较。结果表明:安氏白虾的水分和粗灰分含量显著低于日本沼虾(P<0.05),而粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量显著高于日本沼虾(P<0.05);安氏白虾和日本沼虾的氨基酸组成基本一致,均含有17种氨基酸,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)分别为52.77和52.67,其构成比例符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)的标准;安氏白虾脂肪酸中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)与二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的总量明显高于日本沼虾,分别为28.32%±0.49%和14.89%±0.63%;矿物元素中常量和微量元素含量均较丰富,微量元素之间的比例较合理,其中,安氏白虾的常量元素含量较高,而日本沼虾的微量元素含量较高。从以上结果可见,安氏白虾和日本沼虾均含有较丰富的各种营养成分,但从EPA和DHA的含量来看,脂肪酸的营养价值安氏白虾高于日本沼虾;从Fe、Cu、Zn和Se的含量来看,微量元素营养价值日本沼虾高于安氏白虾。
We conducted a comparative study of the nturition and quality of Exopalaeraon annandalei and Macrobrachium nipponenisis collected from the Yangtze Estuary. Results showed that moisture and crude ash content in E. annandalei were significantly lower than that in M. nipponensis （ P 〈 0.05） ; however, the content of crude protein and crude fat in E. annandalei was significantly higher than that in M. nipponensis （P 〈 0.05）. Seventeen kinds of amino acids were found in both species, i. e. , 9 kinds of essential amino acids （Thr, Val, Met, Phe, Ile, Leu, Lys, His and Arg）, 1 kind of half-essential amino acid （Tyr）, 6 kinds of nonessential amino acids （Asp, Glu, Ser, Gly, Ala and Pro） and Tau. The essential amino acids index （EAAI） was similar between 2 species, i. e., 52.77 for E.annandalei and 52.67 for M.nipponensis respectively. The component of the essential amino acids （EAA） meets the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations （FAO） /Word Health Organization （WHO） Standard. Based on the nutritional evaluation of amino acids score （AAS） and chemical score （CS）, the limited amino acids of two species were Met and Cys. There were 10 kinds of saturated fatty acids （SFA）, 4 kinds of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA） and 8 kinds of poly unsaturated fatty acids （PUFA） found in E. annandalei, while there were 8 kinds of SFA, 4 kinds of MUFA and 7 kinds of PUFA found in M. nipponesis. Among fatty acids, the proportion of EPA ＋ DHA was 28.32% ± 0.49% and 14.89% ± 0.63% for E. annandalei and M, nipponensis, ω3 poly unsaturated fatty acids （oBPUFA）was 30.05% ± 0.58% and 17.41% ± 0.67% for E. annandalei and M. nipponensis, ω6 poly unsaturated fatty acids （ω6PUFA） was 4.76% ± 0.06% and 13.14% ± 0.60% for E. annandalei and M. nipponensis respectively. Thus, the proportion of EPA ＋ DHA and ωPUFA in E. annandalei was significantly higher than that in M. nipponensis ; however the proportion of of ωPUFA in E. annandalei was significantly lower than that in M. nipponensis. Tile contents of major elements such as K, Na, Ca, Mg and P in E. annandalei were much richer than those in M. nipponensis ; however, the trace elements such as Fe, Cu, Zn, Se in M. nipponensis were much richer than those of E. annandalei. The present study indicates that nutritive components of both species were broadly similar. Both species contain an abundance of amino acids, fatty acids, major elements and trace elements. Comparing the content of EPA ＋ DHA and ω3PUFA, it may be inferred that the nutritive component of fatty acid in E. annandalei are higher than in M. nipponensis. Correspondingly, comparing the content of Fe, Cu, Zn and Se, it may be inferred that the nutritive component of trace elements in M. nipponensis are higher than in E. annandalei
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第5期822-829,共8页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.30490234)
上海市教育委员会E-研究院建设项目(No.E03009)
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划(No.2006BAD03B08)
长江口中华鲟自然保护区专项~~
关键词
安氏白虾
日本沼虾
营养成分
氨基酸
脂肪酸
矿物元素
Exopalaemon annandalei, Macrobrachium nipponensis, Nutritive component, Amino acids, Fatty acids, Mineral element
