摘要
中国目前处在工业化中期的重化工业阶段,高耗能产业比重大,能源短缺,环境保护形势严峻,节能减排任务艰巨,大力发展风电产业能缓解能源短缺问题和减少环境污染。西北地区是中国风能资源十分丰富的地区,开发利用潜力巨大,风电产业发展具有一定的基础,目前百万千瓦级的风电基地正在规划和筹备,风电行业也已步入快速发展的重要时期。据不完全统计,2007年已建和在建的风电场23个,总装机容量达到140.09×104kW,预计到2010年末西北地区风电站总数将达到43座,风电装机容量将达到1 828.83×104kW,到2020年有望达到3 200×104kW(其中非并网风电约占16%左右),约占全国预计装机容量的30%。西北地区风电产业发展势头较好,发展前景十分广阔。但是,该地区风电大规模开发也面临着诸多问题。鉴于此,本文在综述国内外风能资源开发态势和风电开发研究进展的基础上,分析评估了西北地区风能资源开发利用价值,找出了西北地区风电产业发展现状与存在问题,提出了西北地区风能资源开发与大规模并网及非并网风电发展目标,以此为指导,规划布局了66个风电场址。根据规划风电场址整合出2个国家级非并网风电与高耗能无碳型产业基地:即北疆非并网风电与高耗能产业基地和甘肃酒泉非并网风电与高耗能产业基地,两个风电产业基地构成了我国西北千万千瓦级风电基地,并针对每个产业基地提出了相应的非并网风电产业布局思路,最后针对西北地区风能开发和非并网风电产业发展提出了相应的政策措施。
China is in a phase of heavy chemical industry, in the middle stage of industrialization, in which high energy consumption by industry is significant. Energy shortages and environmental protection are both pressing issues, which could be helped by development of the wind power industry. Northwest China is very rich in wind energy resources and has huge potential for development and utilization of wind power. Wind power industry has entered a period of rapid development. According to incomplete statistics, there were 23 wind farms either completed or under construction in 2007, with a total installed capacity of 1.4 million kilowatts. It is projected that in northwest China, the total number of wind power stations will reach 43 by the end of 2010, with a total installed capacity of 18.3 million kilowatts. By 2020, installed capacity is expected to reach 32 million kilowatts, accounting for 30 percent of the national total. The proportion of off-grid wind power in Northwest China is projected to be less than 16 %. The momentum of wind power industry development in Northwest China is good and the development prospects are very broad. However, the large-scale development of wind power in the region is also faced with many problems. We reviewed the latest research on wind energy resource development in China and abroad, analyzed and assessed the development and utilization value of wind energy resources in Northwest China, identified existing problems in the development of the wind power industry, and proposed goals for wind energy resource development and off-grid wind power development in Northwest China. Overall, we propose 66 wind farm sites, and the integration of two national off-grid wind power industrial bases and two high-energy-consumption and non-coal industrial bases in northern Xinjiang and Jiuquan in Gansu. These two wind power industrial bases would constitute a 10 million kilowatt-class wind power base. Finally, we put forward some ideas for the distribution of each industrial base, and propose some corresponding policies and measures for the exploitation of wind energy resources and the construction of off-grid wind power industrial bases.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第11期1667-1676,共10页
Resources Science
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(编号:2007CB210306)
关键词
风能资源
非并网风电
无碳型高耗能产业基地
西北地区
Wind energy resources
Off-grid wind power
High-energy-consumption and non-coal industrial base
Northwest China
