摘要
目的分析一起流感暴发疫情的原因和特点。方法对调查表进行描述性统计分析,提出传播途径假设,利用回顾性队列研究验证所提出的假设,探讨本次暴发的流行因素。结果这是一起甲型流感暴发疫情,6月1-25日该厂共发生病例374例,总罹患率为14.17%,年龄16～46岁,男女比例为1:2.86,男女罹患率差别没有统计学意义,病例主要集中在生产车间,地点罹患率差别有统计学意义。经实验室检测有5份甲型流感阳性。回顾性队列研究显示病例宿舍分布无聚集性,工作时戴手套和洗手为保护因素,流感病毒最主要的传播途径是工人接触流水线上生产的产品而感染流感病毒。结论及时报告、及时处理、加强宣传教育和流感预警监测是预防和控制流感疫情的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the reasons and the epidemiological characteristics of an influenza outbreak. Methods The data from casequestionnaires were statistically analyzed. Put forward the assumption of the transmission, and make use of the retrospective cohort study to verify the hypothesis, and then discuss the epidemic factors of this outbreak. Results This was an outbreak of influenza A, 374 cases of influenza A were reported from June 1st to 25th in this factory. The total attack rate was 14.17%., and the patients aged form 16 to 46 years. Male to female ratio was 1：2.86. The attack rates of the males and the females showed no statistical difference. Most of the cases converged in workshops, and the attack rates of the different places showed statistical differences. Influenza A RNA was detected from 5 patients＇ specimens of throat swab by RT- PCR. The results of retrospective cohort study showed that the dorm distribution of the case had on aggregation. Washing hands and wearing gloves were protective factors, and contacting the product on the pipeline was the main transmission of this influenza outbreak. Conclusions Timely reporting and controlling influenza, strengthening propaganda and education, monitoring and warning of influenza are the important measures for prevention and control of influenza.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2008年第5期1434-1437,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
流行性感冒
暴发
调查
Influenza
Outbreak
Investigation
