摘要
目的分析2017年北京市通州区城区中仓、玉桥地区学校流感样病例暴发疫情的流行特征,为学校流感防控提供科学依据。方法收集2017年北京市通州区城区中仓、玉桥地区报告的流感样病例暴发疫情的现场调查资料和实验室检测结果进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2017年度北京市通州区城区中仓、玉桥地区共报告9起流感样病例暴发疫情,平均罹患率25.98%。疫情全部集中在1月(6.7%)和12月(93.3%)。77.78%的暴发疫情发生在小学且85.71%的爆发疫情发生在低年级。发病病例流感疫苗接种率为16.11%,与未发病人群流感接种率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。共采集104例咽拭子,阳性率为48.08%,以乙型BY流感病毒为主(58.00%)。结论 2017—2018年流感疫情主要以乙型流感病毒为主,发生爆发疫情的学校普遍存在接种率较低,学校班级、学生人数多,保健医配备人数不足,流感疫苗接种率低等情况。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza-like cases in schools in Zhongcang and Yuqiao areas of Tongzhou district in Beijing from 2017 to 2018,so as to provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control in schools.Methods The on-the-spot investigation data and laboratory test results of influenza-like cases reported in Zhongcang and Yuqiao areas of Tongzhou district in Beijing from 2017 to 2018 were collected and analyzed.Results A total of 9 influenza outbreaks were investigated in Zhongcang and Yuqiao area from 2017 to 2018,with an average attack rate of 25.98%.The epidemic situation was all concentrated in January(6.7%) and December(93.3%).77.78% of the outbreaks occurred in primary schools and 85.71% in lower grades.The influenza vaccination rate of sick cases was 16.11%,which was significantly different from that of non-infected people(P<0.05).A total of 104 pharyngeal swabs were collected,with a positive rate of48.08%,mainly type B BY influenza virus(58.00%).Conclusion The influenza epidemic in 2017 is mainly influenza B virus,and the schools with outbreaks generally have low vaccination rate,large number of classes and students,insufficient health care equipment,low vaccination rate of influenza vaccine and so on.
作者
许紫剑
XU Zi-jian(Zhongcang Street Community Health Service Center,Tongzhou District,Beijing 101100,China)
出处
《慢性病学杂志》
2020年第7期994-996,共3页
Chronic Pathematology Journal
关键词
流感
暴发疫情
预防控制
Influenza
Disease outbreaks
Prevention and control
