摘要
依据贵州省植物标本馆（HGAS）桑属植物标本及相关文献资料，对贵州地区桑属（Morus L．）植物分布及区系特点进行了分析。该地区桑属植物的9个桑种主要分布在海拔240—2400m的黔东北、黔东南、黔西南，其中：白桑（M．alba L．）分布广，分布地区海拔在1000m以下；长穗桑（W.wittiorum Hand-Mazz．）属孑遗分布，分布于沟谷且冬无严寒处；长果桑（W.laevigataWall．）与长穗桑为同一种系，分布同域，数量少，且有分化；鸡桑（M．australis Poir．）在高海拔寒湿区域形成群落，类型丰富，且仍在分化；蒙桑（W.mongolica Schneid．）及变种鬼桑（W.mongolica Schneid．vat．diabolica Koidz．）抗旱耐寒，分布少，被滇桑[M.yunnanensis（Koidz．）C，Y．Wu et Cao．]替代；华桑（W.cathayana Hemsl．）和山桑（W.bombycis Koidz．）的分布也少，山桑可分布于较高海拔；裂叶桑[W.trilobata（S．S．Chang）Cao．]新拟，仅在低海拔的凯里地区有分布。该地区桑属植物分布的区系特点是：种类丰富，多型性突出，起源古老，特有现象明显，与邻近省份桑属植物分布区系联系密切。认为该地区是研究桑属植物起源与演化的关键地区之一。
In this paper, the geographical distribution and floristic characters of are investigated by means of examining herbarium specimens and literatures. Morus L. in Guizhou province The research results showed that main distribution areas of Morus species locate at the altitude of 240 -2 400 m in Southwestern, North- eastern and Southeastern of Guizhou. M. alba L. is widespread, and located below the altitude of 1 000 m. The distribution area of M. wittiorum Hand-Mazz. and M. laevigata Wall. are narrow. M. australis Poir. is distributed at high altitudes, which formed group and has rich species. M. mongolica Schneid. and variety M. mongofica Schneid. var. diabolica Koidz are cold and drought resistant species, and its distribution is scarce in Guizhou, which was substituted by M. yunnanensis （ Koidz. ） C. Y. Wu et Cao.. The distributions of M. cathay- ana Hemsl. and M. bombycis Koidz. is also scarce, and M. bombycis Koidz may Iocat at higher altitude. M. trilobata（ S. S. Chang） Cao. can be found at Xinyi and Kali county. There are 9 Morus species in Guizhou province, which present significant polymorphism. Endemism is obvious for Morus species in Guizhou province. Moreover, Morus in Guizhou province is closely related to that of the adjacent provinces. The above results suggested that Guizhou province is the key area for origin and evolution of Morus.
出处
《蚕业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第3期486-489,共4页
ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA
基金
教育部西南大学博士国内访问学者基金项目(编号00701)
关键词
桑树
分布
区系特点
贵州地区
Morus L.
Distribution
Floristic characte-rs
Guizhou
