摘要
目的研究引起糖尿病住院患者医院感染病原菌的种类分布及耐药趋势。方法取2005-2006年确诊糖尿病且符合医院感染住院患者的尿、痰、脓、粪、血等做细菌培养,同一患者同一类型标本多次检出同一株细菌,仅录入首次菌株,分离阳性或优势生长的菌落采用"第二代15e系统"进行细菌鉴定,并做药敏试验。结果两年内1050份标本真菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等的检出率分别为12.8%、10.0%、4.3%;大肠埃希菌和洋葱伯克霍尔德菌、铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗菌药物耐药率较低,大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、环丙沙星、头孢唑林耐药率较高,分别为93.3%、67.4%、48.5%,而后者非发酵菌对复方新诺明耐药率较高,>50.0%;革兰阳性菌对万古霉素和替考拉宁耐药率很低,葡萄球菌属对红霉素、复方新诺明耐药率均>50.0%,鸟肠球菌、粪肠球菌对环丙沙星的耐药率>30.0%。结论革兰阴性菌可采用加酶抑制剂复合药和阿米卡星等,非发酵菌可采用环丙沙星等喹诺酮类药,革兰阳性菌可采用替考拉宁、呋喃妥因、氨苄西林/舒巴坦等。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the species of pathogenic bacteria and antimicrobial resistance for diabetics in the hospital. METHODS The bacteria culture in specimens of urine, sputum, pus, dung and blood for diabetics in the hospital from 2005 to 2006 were made. The non-repetitive bacteria strains were collected, then isolated and identifyied by ＂the second 15e system＂ with making antimicrobial susceptibility test. RESULTS During two years in 1050 specimens,the positive percent of fungi, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was 12.8%, 10.0% and 4.3 %, respectively. The resistance of E. coli, Burkholderia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to commonly used antibacterials was much lower, respectively the resistance of E. coli to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin and cephazolin was much higher （93. 3%, 67. 40/00 and 48. 5%, The resistance of nonfermenters against trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole （SMZ co） was much higher （〉50%）. The resistance of Gram-positive bacteria to vancomycin and teicoplanin was much lower. The resistance of Staphylococcus to erythromycin and SMZ co was much higher （〉50 % ）. The resistance of Enterococcus avium and E. faecalis to ciprofloxacin was over 30 %. CONCLUSIONS To Gram-negaive bacteria may use β-laetamase inhibitors with antimicrobials and amikacin. To nonfermenters may use ciprofloxaein. To Gram-positive bacteria may use teicoplanin, nitrofurantoin, ampicillin/sulbactam and others.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第9期1331-1333,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
糖尿病
细菌培养
病原菌
医院感染
Diabetes
Bacteria culture
Pathogenic bacteria
Nosocomial infections
