8Merboth MK, Barnason S. Managing pain: the fifth vital sign. Nurs Clin North Am, 2000,35(2): 375-383.
9Stevens B. Pain in infants. In: McCaffery M, Pasero C,eds. Pain: clinical manual. 2 nd ed. St.louis: Mosby, 1999.626-629.
10Anand KJ,International evidence-based group for neonatal pain.Consensus statement for the prevention and management of pain in the newborn. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 2001,155(2): 173-180.
4Gould D, Kelly D, Goldstone L, et al. Examining the validity of pressure ulcer risk assessment scales: developing and using illustrated patient simulations to collect data. J Clin Nurs ,2001,21 (10) :697-706.
5Vami JW, Thompson KL, Hanson V. The Varni/Thompson Pediatric Pain Questionnaire. I. Chronic musculoskeletal pain in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Pain, 1987,28 ( 1 ) :27-38.
6Tobias D J, Deshpandw JK. Pediatric pain management for primary care. 2nd ed. Louis : Mosby Yearbook, inc. 2005:359.
7Blount RL, Loiselle KA. Behavioural assessment of pediatric pain. Pain Res Manag,2009,14( 1 ) :47-52.
8Ober|ander T, Saul JP. Methodological considerations for the use of heart rate variability as a measure of pain reactivity in vulnerable infants. Clin Perinatol,2002,29 (3) :427-443.
9Elserafy FA, Alsaedi SA, Louwrens J, et al. Oral sucrose and a pacifier for pain relief during simple procedures in preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Saudi Med, 2009,29 (3) :184-188.
10Simons SH, Van Dijk M, Anand KS, et al. Do we still hurt newborn babies? A prospective study of procedural pain and analgesia in neonates. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 2003, 157 ( 11 ) : 1058-1064.