摘要
1986～1988年,以PDA加500 ppm五氯硝基苯的组织分离法和取病斑上分生孢子分离法,分离月季黑斑病菌获得成功,病菌在PDA和燕麦培养基上生长良好,果糖和甘露醇促进孢子发芽率;病菌菌丝生长和产孢温度范围为10～35℃,最适温度22～25℃,最适pH 6;碳源为棉子糖和菊糖,氮源为L-丙氨酸和L-异亮氨酸最好,长沙地区月季黑斑病周年发生,每年5,6月和10月下旬至12月上旬为发病高峰期,采用配制土栽培,在施用2%尿素水或波美5度人粪水时,结合喷施0.1%四硼酸钠或0.1%硫酸锌微肥,既能防病又能提高观赏价值,药剂防治以施用75%百菌清500倍和18%多菌铜300倍液,每隔15～20 d喷1次,连喷2或3次,可控制病害。
Black-spot disease (Diplocarpon rosae wolf) has been success-fully isolated with tissue isolation from the culture medium of PDA+500 ppmpentachlore-nitrobenzene and with single-spore isolation from spores on lesion.Pathogenes grow well on PDA and oat dextrose agar culture medium. D-fructoseand mannite increase the germination rate of spores. Pathogen developing andspore forming occur during the temperature of 10~35℃, with 22~25℃ optimal.The optimal acidity is pH 6. The best carbon sources are raffinose and inulin,and nitrogen L-alanine and L-isolenine. The disease occurs annually in Chang-sha, with two peaks from May to June and from early October to late December.The initial infective pathogenes come principally from the previously infectedrose leaves. The occurrence of the disease is closely related to temperature andrain. The difference of disease resistance among varieties is evident, and thoseengrafted on wild rose stocks are more resistant. Roses grown on mixed soilhave more resistance to the disease when applied with 2% Urine or 5 Be nightsoil together with 0.1% NaB_4O_7 or 0.1% ZnSO_4. The application of 75% ch-lorthalinil diluted to 500 times and 18% Copper lime dust 300 times every15~20 days with 2 or 3 times in succession can control the disease.
关键词
月季
黑斑病
rosa chinensis
separate culture
physico-chemical characteristics
occurrence
chemical control
