摘要
利用虾壳和蟹壳制取壳聚糖影响壳聚糖质量的因素有制取时的温度、保温时间、碱液的浓度,实践证明;低于30%的碱液浓度:或高于110℃的温度处理,都不可能获得高粘度的壳聚糖;而碱浓度50%,反应温度100～105℃,保温时间1h可获得条件粘度,(恩氏法)E_505.90的壳聚糖,可用于糖化酶固定化,利用高粘度的亮聚糖载体溶于稀酸的特性,制成均相的胶体溶液,用于糖化酶的固定经凝聚反应做成活性高,稳定性强的固定化酶,其活力可达18500单位/g,活力回收达66%以上,在半年时间内,经常使用,活力保持90%以上。
Soluble chitin with high viscosity obtained from the crust of crabsand shrimps may be used as carriers to immobilize glucoamylase and produceimmobilized enzyme with strong stability and activity. The main factors influenc-ing the quality of chitin are the incubation and processing temperature andthe concentration of the alkaline solution. The results of the experimentsshowed that chitoson could not yield chitin with high viscosity when treatedat lower than 30% alkaline solution or higher temperature than 110℃. However,when treated at 100~150℃ for 60 minutes in 50% alkaline solution, the chitinobtained with condition viscosity E_(50) 5.90 could be used for immobilization ofglucoamylase. Uniform colloid obtained by dissolving the the high viscositychitin in diluted acid produced immobilized glucoamylase through agglutinationof the colloid and glucoamylase. The activity of the immobilized enzyme reached18500 units/g and the activity recovery was over 60%. The activity remainedhigher than 90% even after being used often for 6 months.
