摘要
人工关节假体是置入人体内的材料,其形态的设计、表面处理、材料选用、制造工艺以及包装的要求都十分严格。不同患者应根据病情、关节限制程度、固定方式和半月板功能来选择不同的人工膝关节。股骨与胫骨间的旋转对线关系是影响全膝关节置换术后效果的重要因素。合适的软组织平衡是获得良好的假体位置和力线的前提。不同膝关节假体的适应症应由膝关节的骨和软组织条件决定、膝关节韧带的质量和状态、关节畸形以及关节软骨破坏的程度决定假体的选择。下肢深静脉血栓和肺栓塞、伤口愈合不良、假体周围感染、置入后骨折、关节僵硬、置入后残留疼痛是关节置换的常见并发症。选择高质量的假体、不断开发和推广使用其配套器械是全膝关节置换术普及和发展的关键。
Artificial joint prosthesis is material implanted into human body, so its appearance design, surface treatment, material selection, manufacture technology and package are extremely rigorous. Total knee prosthesis is selected based on patient＇s condition, joint limitation range, fixation pattern and menisci function. Femoral and tibial rotational alignment is an important factor that influences effect of total knee replacement. Appropriate soft tissue balance is the basis to obtain good prosthesis location and line of force. Indications of different knee joint prosthesis are determined by bone and soft tissue condition of the knee joint, and prosthesis is selected according to quality and status of knee joint ligament, joint deformity and articular cartilage damage. Deep venous thrombosis of lower limb, poor wound healing, infection, fracture following implantation, stiffness of joint, and residual pain following implantation are common complications in joint replacement. To select high-quality prosthesis, development and application of corresponding matching apparatus are important for total knee replacement.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第30期5923-5926,共4页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
