摘要
目的了解广东省广州管圆线虫病自然疫源地分布情况，为制定监测方案提供科学依据。方法按不同地理位置分层抽样方法，分别抽取粤东、粤西、粤北、珠江三角洲共17个县（市），每县（市）随机抽取1-2个行政村（区）作为调查点。在野外现场采集不同品种的淡水螺和陆生螺，用匀浆法和肺检查法解剖调查广州管圆线虫感染情况；捕捉老鼠，解剖心肺组织检查其成虫；以及采集新鲜鼠粪用清水沉淀法进行病原学检查。结果17个调查县（市）中，各地均有福寿螺分布，且数量众多；广宁县没有开展褐云玛瑙螺的调查，除河源和平县和韶关曲江区没有采集到褐云玛瑙螺外，其余地方都有褐云玛瑙螺分布。17个点共采集福寿螺、褐云玛瑙螺3329只，除徐闻县外罗镇未发现有广州管圆线虫感染的螺外，其余16个点采集的螺中均发现有自然感染的广州管圆线虫，平均感染率为6．64％（221／3329）。福寿螺感染率南澳县最高，为17.58％（29／165），褐云玛瑙螺感染率花都区最高，为43.75％（7／16）；梅县受检螺平均感染率最高，为17.45％（41／235）。各地褐云玛瑙螺的感染率和感染度远高于福寿螺。在5个调查点的农贸市场购买圆田螺89只和石螺252只中，仅有罗定县的1只石螺检测到阳性，阳性率为1．43％（1／70）。在6个调查点捕捉到褐家鼠（27只）、韵黯（5只）、小家鼠（2只）、黄胸鼠（3只）和田鼠（3只）共40只，其中和平县、雷州市和中山市捕捉到的褐家鼠中各有1只检出广州管圆线虫成虫，阳性率为11．11％（3／27）。在7个调查点采集到新鲜鼠粪34份，阳性率为44．12％（15／34）。结论广东省广州管圆线虫病自然疫源地分布广泛，除粤北部分山区未发现有褐云玛瑙螺分布以外，其余地区均有福寿螺和褐云玛瑙螺分布，广州管圆线虫中间宿主和终末宿主有不同程度感染。
Objective To understand the distribution status of angiostrongyliasis natural focus in Guangdong Province and provide the scientific basis for making surveillance program. Methods Survey sites were chosen by the lamination sampling according to different geographic locations. Different species of freshwater snails and terraneous snails were collected in wild fields for detecting the infection by homogenization and lung dissection methods. Rats were captured for dissecting lung tissues to detect the parasite. Fresh rat feces were collected for etiological detection. Results Totally 17 survey sites were sampled in these four regions including 5 in the Pearl River Delta, 5 in East Guangdong, 5 in West Guangdong and 2 in North Guangdong. Plentiful Pomacea canaliculatas were found in all of these sites. The survey of Achatina fulica was not carried out in Guangning County. Achatina fulicas were found in surveyed districts, except for tteping County of Heyuan and Qujiang District of Shaoguan. Totally 3 329 Pomacea canaliculatas and Achatina fulicas were collected in 17 survey sites. The snails with Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection were found in 16 of 17 survey sites,except for Xuwen County. The mean infection rate was 6.64% （221/3 329 ）. The infection rates and infection intensities of Achatina fulica were far higher than those of Pomacea canaliculata in all sites. 89 round river snails and 252 stone snails were bought in agricultural trading markets, of which only one stone snail from Luoding was found positive, with a positive rate of 1.43% （1/70）. In rattusflavipectus captured from Heping County, Leizhou and Zhongshan cities, Angiostrongylus cantonersis adult worms were found, with a positive rate of 11.11% （3/27）. Thirty -four cases of fresh mouse feces were collected, with a positive rate of 44.12% （15/34）. Conclusion The natural focus of angiostrongylia- sis cantonersis distributed widely in Guangdong Province and there were both Pornacea canaliculata and Achatina fulica distributing in all areas except for some mountainous areas of North Guangdong, where no Achatina fulica was found. The intermediate and definitive hosts were with Angiostrongylus cantonersis infection in different levels.
出处
《华南预防医学》
2008年第4期42-45,共4页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
广东省医学科学技术研究基金(项目编号:A2007063)
广东省"十一五"医学重点专科研究项目
关键词
广州管圆线虫
宿主
疫源地
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Host
Natural focus
