摘要
本文以１９８８、１９９２和１９９３年洋河流域张家口市部分水稻田污染受害事故为背景，通过事故现场调查资料分析、洋河水质监测、宣化区污染源调查、水稻的药害暴露实验和模型计算，研究了含有除草剂莠去津和乙草胺的河水灌溉对苗期水稻的危害。结果显示，河水中莠去津和乙草胺对水稻苗期的安全灌溉浓度分别为０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ；河水中莠去津对水稻的致死浓度是０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ；ｐＨ、ＮＨ３－Ｎ和表面活性剂对这种危害作用具有一定的协同效应；为了满足河水对水稻的灌溉水质要求，污染源允许排放的莠去津和乙草胺分别为１．０ｋｇ／ｄ和２．０ｋｇ／ｄ。
Against the background of contamination accident of rice at Zhangjiakou Prefecture, Hebei Province of China in 1988, 1992 and 1993, the damage to seedling stage rice due to irrigation Yanghe river water containing atrazine and acetochlor was studied through data analysis of accident field investigation, water quality monitoring of Yanghe river, investigation of water pollution sources at Xuanhua District of Zhangjiakou Prefecture, exposure experiment for rice and model calculation. The results show that the safety concentration of atrazine and acetochlor in river water for rice irrigation are 0.01 and 0.05mg/L respectively; the lethal concentration of atrazine to rice is 0.10mg/L; pH,NH 3 N and surfactant have a centain acceleration for the damage of atrazine and acetochlor to rice; in order to meet river water quality required, the discharge massrates of atrazine and acetochlor in waste water are 1.0 and 2.0kg/d,respectively.
关键词
污染事故
除草剂
河流水质
水稻
苗期
pollution accident
herbicide
exposure experenemt
river water quality
