摘要
研究了花期干旱对盆栽玉米生长发育、生理特性和产量的影响及复水后植株的补偿生长。花期干旱使雌穗生长发育不良,产量下降,复水后被干旱所延迟的雌穗发育可以部分恢复,存在着明显的补偿生长。复水后产量的补偿表现为百粒重的增加,但这种补偿不足以弥补由于穗粒数的减少而导致的产量下降。随胁迫时间延长及胁迫强度的增加,叶片气孔阻力迅速增加,复水后气孔阻力迅速减小,胁迫强度愈大,恢复速率愈快,蒸腾速率与气孔阻力基本上呈相反的变化趋势。干旱下叶片细胞的光合活性受到明显抑制,叶片短时暗中复水可部分恢复叶片细胞的光合活性。复水后植株的补偿生长是抵御短期干旱的一种适应,而复水后气孔阻力及光合活性的恢复可能是雌穗补偿生长的物质基础。
The corn hybrid Dan Yu 13 were planted in pots containing 0. 016m3 soil extracted from the corn field. The water supply was reduced gradually to cause different degrees of soil drought stress during flowering. The treated plants were rewatered after seven days' stress, while the control was watered normally. Drought caused poor growth and development of the ear, and the retarded growth of the ear could be partially resumed and there was compensative growth in ear volume and ear dry matter after rewatering, the capacity of the compensative growth was related to the degree of the stress. As regards yield, rewatering could make compensation by increase of 100-grain weight, but this was not big enough to compensate the yield loss caused by the great decrease of grain number, and resulted in the great yield loss finally. The stomatal conductivity and transpiration of the leaves decreased quickly under drought, and the more severe the stress, the quicker the recovery after rewatering. The photosynthetic activity of leaf discs decreased obviously under drought, and could be partially resumed only after a short-term rewatering in darkness. It was suggested that the compensative growth of the corn plant after rewatering might be one adaptation to drought stress, and the recovery of the stomatal conductivity and photosynthesis might be the hasis of the compensative growth.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第6期740-745,共6页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
关键词
玉米
干旱
复水
补偿生长
产量
Maize
Drought
Rewater
Compensative growth
Yield
