摘要
糖尿病性视网膜病变是糖尿病的眼部慢性并发症,为成人致盲的主要原因。糖尿病患者长期处于高血糖状态将导致糖尿病性视网膜病变的形成。一些研究表明合理控制血糖是预防糖尿病病变的重要措施。然而,越来越多的家族聚集性和不同种族发病率的研究显示基因对于糖尿病性视网膜病变的发病有重要作用。一些糖尿病患者尽管血糖控制良好仍发展成糖尿病性视网膜病变,而另有一些患者尽管血糖控制不良却没有形成糖尿病性视网膜病变。这表明很多基因与糖尿病性视网膜病变的易感性有关,这些基因用于编码醛糖还原酶,氧化氮合酶,晚期糖化终产物受体,血管紧张素转换酶,血管内皮生长因子和色素上皮衍生因子。易感性基因的研究将有助于形成新的治疗策略。本文对糖尿病性视网膜病变形成和发展中相关遗传基因进行综述。
Diabetic retinopathy （DR） is a sight-threatening chronic complication of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of acquired blindness in adults. Long-term exposure to the hyperglycemia of diabetes patients leads to the development of DR. Several studies have provided evidence that good diabetes control is important to pre- vent DR. However, emerging evidence suggests that genes are a significant contributor to an individual＇s risk of retinopathy. This evidence is from evaluations of familial aggregation and different incidence of DR in racial and ethnic groups. Some groups of patients develop DR despite good control and some escape retinopathy despite poor control. This suggests that the genes are involved in the susceptibility to DR. Genes suggested as having a role include those encoding aldose reductase, nitric oxide synthase, receptor for advanced glycation end products, angiotensin converting enzyme, vascular endothelial growth factors and pigment epithelium-derived factor. An understanding of the role of susceptibility genes will ultimately allow the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This article reviews the role of genetic factors in the etiology and progression of DR.
出处
《国际眼科杂志》
CAS
2008年第2期234-239,共6页
International Eye Science
