摘要
限定代词"该"产生于明代,源于动词"当该"、"该管"等。这些动词由于常处于定语位置,限定后面的名词,慢慢地动词性减弱;与动词性减弱相伴的是形式逐渐缩减为"该",这一缩减和汉语的韵律结构也有很大关系。代词"该"产生初期多用于职称之前,且只用于上级对下级或官府对庶民,带有较浓的尊卑色彩,清代以来逐渐脱出原来的语境。现代汉语中代词"该"词义已经彻底泛化,可出现于不同文体,后可接各类名词,感情色彩也逐渐淡化、消失。
The demonstrative pronoun gai originated from the verbs danggai(当该)and gaiguan(该管) in Ming Dynasty.These verbs were usually used as attributives and their verb features began to bleach.Under the influence of Chinese prosodic structure,these verbs gradually reduced to gai is used as a demonstrative pronoun.At the initial stage it could only be used before the vocational titles with which the superior addressed his subordinates and had an affective meaning.From Qing Dynasty the use of gai expanded and has been generalized in modern Chinese.It can be used unconditionally before most nouns.This phenomenon could be regarded as the bleaching of gai's subjectivity,which presents a counter-example to Traugott's model of semantic development.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第1期40-47,共8页
Studies of the Chinese Language
关键词
该
指代义
形成
泛化
感情色彩
gai,demonstrative pronoun,origin,generalization,affective
