摘要
马庆株(1988)把[±自主]作为一个基本语义特征对汉语动词进行分类,我认为[+自主]还可以细分为[+意愿][+可控](能力),两种因素对动词的句法行为也有重要的制约作用。分析表明,对[±自主]的这种分解能够充分解释动词自主义隐现的条件和原因、主动与被动的对立。意愿情态(willingness)是意志情态(volition)的子类,以往对情态的研究集中在助动词上,本文则认为意愿情态可以作为普通动词的语义特征并对动词的句法功能有影响,是一种普遍存在于动词中的语义范畴。
Ma Qingshu regarded [±independence] as the basic semantic feature to categorize Chinese verb. This paper believes that [＋independence] can be divided into [＋ willingness] and [＋ control]. These two features could also limit syntactic form of the verbs. The analysis shows that this division of [±independence] can fully explain conditions and cause, passive and active meaning of the verbs. Willingness is sub-category of volition. This paper also discusses that willingness can be regarded as semantic feature of normal verbs, and can influence syntactic function of the verbs, which universally exists in the semantic category of the verbs.
出处
《西北师大学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第1期86-90,共5页
Journal of Northwest Normal University(Social Sciences)
关键词
汉语动词
意愿
能力
可控
自主
主动
被动
willingness
competence
control
independence
active
passive
