摘要
作者统计４２０例下肢长骨骨折，３１例经影像学检查或手术证实并发同侧膝关节损伤。在此类损伤中高能量伤占９３．５％，其中交通伤（包括井下）占５１．６％。长骨骨折多为不稳定型，而且骨折越靠近膝关节越易并发膝关节损伤。在并发的膝关节损伤中韧带伤明显多于其它伤，其中内侧副韧带伤占韧带伤的６３．６％。膝关节损伤极易漏诊，其中交叉韧带伤漏诊最多；而股骨、胫骨均有骨折者其膝关节损伤最易漏诊。为防止漏诊，对下肢长骨骨折并发膝关节肿胀、积液者应运用稳定试验、Ｘ线平片、麻醉下或手术固定长骨骨折后稳定试验、Ｂ超和关节镜等手段查明膝关节损伤的类型。我们对长骨骨折及有手术指征的膝关节损伤行早期手术治疗，效果较为满意。
The fractures of lower extremities associated with ipsilateral knee joint injuries are daily on the increase. From 1986 to 1995, 31 cases with 420 long bone fractures of lower extremities were treated. The most common mechanisms were high energy injury, 51.6% of patients were traffic accident victims. Most long bone fractures were unstable and adjacent to the knee joints. The injuries of knee ligaments were more common than other knee injuries, and the injuries of medial collateral ligaments were 63.6%. In clinical practice, the long bone fractures were diagnosed easily, but the associated injuries of the knee joint were overlooked sometimes. In order to reduce the neglected or misdiagnosed knee injuries, we emphysize that a swollen knee with effusion must be considerated as an evidence of knee injury, until proved otherwise. Radiography, sonography and arthroscopy are useful adjunct diagnostic measeures. Antero posteral and lateral stability test in nomal state and under anesthesia or after fixation of long bone fracture are very important to diagnose the injury of knee ligament. According to the operative indications of long bone fractures and knee injuries, we considered that the lower extremities fracture with ipsilateral knee injures should be treated with operation at the early stage .
出处
《中华骨科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第6期367-369,共3页
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
关键词
下肢骨折
膝关节损伤
Lower extremty fracture Ipsilateral knee injury
