摘要
目的查清我国饮水型地方性砷中毒(简称地砷病)病区和高砷区的分布,为科研防治工作提供科学依据。方法根据《2004年度中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目技术方案》的要求,开展饮水型高砷水源筛查、部分地区地砷病病情普查以及改水降砷工程调查。水样采用银盐法或原子荧光分光光度计测定居民饮水含砷量。结果高砷水源筛查覆盖面为12个省(区)186个县中的4677个自然村,筛查水样48 689份,超标水样1336份,超标村342个;病情调查了4个省29个县中的282个自然村,调查村人口数66 312人,查出砷中毒病人3805人,其中皮肤癌病人61人,砷中毒总患病率为5.74%;改水降砷工程调查8个省41个县中的1250个改水工程,正常运转的有1040个,占83.20%;报废工程97个,占7.76%;水砷达标工程925个,占74.00%。结论西部地区高砷井分布范围较广,病情重,改水工程达标率不高,报废较严重,应加强防治工作的管理。
Objective To explore the basic distribution of endemic arseniosis of drinking water type in China, the survey results will be a guide for the disease study and prevention. Methods To meet the demand of ＂Technique Scheme of Endemic Disease Prevention Granted by Central Government in 2004＂, screening survey and overall survey were used. The amount of water arsenic was determinded by AgDDC and AFS method. Results This survey of drinking water covered 12 provinces, 186 counties, 4677 villages, 48 689 water samples, 1336 samples being exceeding the standard and 342 villages having arsenic content in drinking water higher than 0.05 mg/L; 66 312 people was investigated of arsenism, 3805 persons were positive, among whom 61 suffered from skin-cancer, the totalprevalence rate was 5.74%; 1250 projects improving water were investigated, 1040 was being normally used, accounting for 83.20%; 97 was discarded, accounting for 7.76%; 925 projects generating drinking water with an arsenic content lower than 0.05 mg/L. Conclusions Endemic arsenism in western areas spreads in a wide range and a critical status. The water improving projects are not functioning well. Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce the management on the disease prevention.
出处
《中国地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第6期673-676,共4页
Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology
基金
中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目(2004)
