摘要
目的探讨成人麻疹爆发原因，以控制爆发。方法对2005年3～5月发生在山东省邹平县某纺织集团的一起成人麻疹爆发开展流行病学调查，用酶联免疫吸附试验检测麻疹IgM抗体，并运用病毒学和分子生物学技术从病原学上明确病因及病毒来源，同时结合血清流行病学探讨其发病原因和流行因素。结果这次爆发共报告麻疹314例，全县罹患率52．17／10万；病例主要集中在该集团园区内，发病264例，园区罹患率为293．34／i0万；发病年龄主要集中在≥16岁成人（占92．04％），16--30岁占81．53％，≤15岁人群占7．96％；男女性别比为1．62：1。麻疹病毒分离鉴定为H。基因型，有H1a、H1b两个亚型，以H1a为优势亚型，H1b为外来输入亚型。新加入集团的流动务工人员麻疹IgG抗体阳性率和抗体几何平均滴度分别为89．00％和1：372。结论该次麻疹爆发是一起典型具有麻疹流行病学特征的成人麻疹爆发，为外来输入病毒株造成的传播，与易感人群聚集和其它内外环境等流行因素有关。
Objective To investigate the reasons of measles outbreak among adults in a textile factory in Zouping County of Shandong in March-May, 2005 so as to control outbreak. Methods Analysis data to find out epidemiological factors by epidemiological investigation,ELISA IgM antibody capture for early diagnosis of serum,measles virus isolation and identification to swab specimens and serum epidemioloical survey on new enrolled workers were carried out. Results Total 314 cases were reported from March to May in 2005 with 5.22 per ten thousands population of the attack rate in Zouping County, 264 cases were gathered in the Textile Factory, the attack rate of the Textile Factory was 29.33 per ten thousands. Most cases （92. 04%）occurred among adults above 16 years old,especially between 16--30 years old（81.53%）,the cases under 15 years old were only 7.96%. Male were much more than female,the sex ratio is 1.62 ： 1 measles viral strains isolated in this outbreak belonged to H1 gene type from 3 cases of floating workers and one case of native worker belonged to two branches in phylogenetic tree： H1a and H1b gene type（3 strains H1a,1 strain H1b）. H1a was the main prevailling gene type and H1b was importation gene type. Serum results showed that the positive rate of measles IgG antibody and geometric mean titer （GMT） were 89.00% and 1 ： 372 in 100 new enrolled workers, respectively. Conclusion This was an outbreak of measles among adults with typical measles epidemiological features caused by importation measles virus strain. It was related with some epidemiological factors,such as gathering of susceptible population and other environment factors.
出处
《中国计划免疫》
2007年第5期440-443,共4页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
关键词
麻疹
成人
爆发调查
Measles
Adult
Outbreak investigation
