摘要
通过对云南松纵坑切梢小蠹聚集信息素的研究，证实该虫种的雌雄成虫均能释放聚集同类的信息素。用气相色谱和质谱色谱仪进行定性定量分析，从雌雄成虫后肠和虫粪提取物中分析出聚集信息素的主要成分是氧化单萜烯醇：反式—马鞭草烯醇、桃金娘烯醇、Δ３—蒈烯—１０—醇和马鞭草烯酮。另外，在寄主松枝韧皮中分析出对松纵坑切梢小蠹具有强烈吸引力的碳氢单萜烯：α—蒎烯和Δ３—蒈烯。通过对聚集信息素单组分及混合剂进行室内和林间生物活性测定，单组分在室内都具有较高的引诱活性，引诱率达９５％以上，但在林间的引诱效果不理想。若将单组分按比例进行混合，引诱力则有较大的提高。在聚集信息素的成分中作用最明显的是反式—马鞭草烯醇和云南松α—蒎烯按１∶２比例的混合物，其引诱率达９６．３３％。研究还得出林间聚集信息素诱捕成虫的数量变化与实际发生数量具有显著相关性。应用聚集信息素诱捕监测林间小蠹成虫的发生动态，建立林间小蠹成虫发生期的回归预测模型Ｙ梢转干＝３７．８４－０．８６Ｘ（ｒ＞ｒ０．０１＝０．９５９）和Ｙ干转梢＝１．４１Ｘ－１２．８２（ｒ０．０５＝０．８７８＜ｒ＜ｒ０．０１）；以及建立林间小蠹成虫发生量的回归预测模型Ｙ梢转干＝５．０６＋３．６７Ｘ（ｒ?
Through study on chemical attractants of Tomicus piniperda,it is proved that the male and female adults of Tomicus piniperda can release attractants to gather the adults of the same kind. Carring out qualitative and quantitative analysis on the attractants with gas chromatograph and mass analyzer, the results of analysis indicated that the main ingredients of the chemical attractants extract from the hindgut, excrement and urine of Tomicus piniperda are trans-verbenole, Myrtenol, (1S,6R) -Δ 3 -Carene and Verbenone, moreover, 2 inds of attractants, which have strong attraction to Tomicus piniperda, that is (R) and (S)-α-pene and (1S,6R)-Δ 3 -Carene were analyzed in phloem of host plant. The results of bioactivity determination on attractants is following: Single-component of attractants have fairly high attraction activity and with the attraction rate over 95% indoor, however the attraction effect in woodland is not very good, if mixed every single-component in proportion, the attraction activity will improve to a greater extent. mixed trans-verbenole with (R) and (S)-α-pene in proportion of 1∶2, the attraction rate reach 96.33%. There is obvious relativity between the number of adults killed by attractants and actural occurrence quantity of Tomicus piniperda through monitoring the occurrence dynamic state, 4 regression prediction model were founded, the former 2 are for forecasting the occurrence time of adults of Tomicus piniperda that is Y top to trunk =37.84-0.86X(r>r 0.01 =0.959)andY trunk to top =1.41X-12.82(r 0.05 =0.878<r<r 0.01 );the latter 2 are for monitoring the occurrence quantity of adults of Tomicus piniperda that is Y top to trunk =5.06+3.67X(r>r 0.01 =0.959)andY trunk to top =10.57+5.48X (r>r 0.01 =0.959), in forest, is has better effect to trap Tomicus piniperda through combination of chemical attractants and backlog, the time of installing trap pile is on December every year, between every 2 piles with the interval of 10 metres, installing 3 piles in every 666.7m 2 and arranging vertically to the wind direction.
出处
《云南林业科技》
1997年第2期20-38,共19页
Yunnan Forestry Science and Technology
关键词
纵坑切梢小蠹
聚集信息素
生物测定
云南松
Tomicus piniperda, chemical attractants, bioactivity determination, application in the forest
