摘要
农田土壤中农药污染是农产品质量全程控制的重要环节。采用盆栽法研究菠菜(Spinacia oleracea L.spinach)对土壤中毒死蜱的吸收情况。结果表明土壤中的毒死蜱能够被菠菜吸收,吸收量与土壤中的残留量呈一定的线性关系,r2=0.9538。土壤中毒死蜱残留量为3.74～67.7mg·kg-1时,菠菜中毒死蜱残留量为0.006～1.098mg·kg-1。毒死蜱在土壤中的残留量不同,其降解速率也不同,半衰期从15.4d到44.4d不等。土壤中高毒死蜱残留时能够影响菠菜产量,造成单株重量下降;但不影响菠菜的出苗率,处理间没有显著差异。试验结果表明即使土壤中含有毒死蜱残留,在正常情况不会对菠菜中毒死蜱残留造成很大影响,产品符合我国食品中规定毒死蜱在叶菜类为0.1mg·kg-1的标准要求,但是蔬菜加工出口企业要关注土壤中毒死蜱残留问题,以免生产出不符合进口国要求的菠菜产品。该试验研究为农产品全程质量控制和农田农药污染指标的设定提供一些理论依据。
Pesticide pollution in farmland was a critical control point which had a great effect on the quality of agro-product. Chlorpyrifos residue in soil uptaken by spinach （Spinacia oleracea L.spinach） was studied with pot experiment. The results showed that chlorpyrifos residue in soil could be uptaken by spinach through root,and the residue uptaken from soil had a significantly positive linear relationship with the primary residue in soil,its r^2 equaled 0.953 8.When the range of chlorpyrifos residue in soil was from 3.74 to 67.7 mg·kg^-1,the residue uptaken from soil in spinach was 0.006～1.098 mg·kg^-1.The results also indicated different quantity of chlorpyrifos residue in soil had different dynamics rates with half-time from 15.4 d to 44.4 days. High residue in soil had an effect on the yield of spinach,and caused a decrease in weight for individual plant,but had no effect on its rate of germination and there was no statistical significant difference between different treatments. Although there were high quantity residues in soil,the spinach could be produced safely and meet the requirement of MRL （0.1 mg·kg^-1） for leafy vegetable. However,export food enterprise should pay attention to the chlorpyrifos residue in soil,in case the product are not met the requirement of import country. Some theory-based decisions would be made for the quality control of agro-product and the pesticide pollution index of plant field setting with the results of this experiment.
出处
《生态环境》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第4期1098-1102,共5页
Ecology and Environmnet
关键词
毒死蜱
菠菜
吸收
盆栽试验
chlorpyrifos
spinach
uptake
pot experiment
