摘要
目的了解宜宾市2000-2005年麻疹流行特征,分析流行因素,探讨麻疹控制的策略。方法收集2000-2005年宜宾市麻疹发病监测资料和人口学资料,用SPSS 12.0软件对6年间的麻疹发病情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果宜宾市2000-2005年麻疹平均发病率为12.13/10万,散发和局部暴发并存。病例分布广泛,各县麻疹发病率和接种率水平有较大差异。发病高峰为3～5月;年龄分布以2～5岁居多,占43.96%;有免疫史者占34.14%,其中1岁以下病例无免疫史者占64.94%。结论人群免疫接种率低下与免疫成功率不高,是造成宜宾市麻疹发病居于较高水平的主要原因。提高麻疹疫苗接种率和免疫成功率,是今后该市控制和消除麻疹工作的重点。
Objective To understand characters of measles epidemic so as to provide gist for measles control and prevention. Method Surveillance information on measles cases and demograshy data in Yibin from 2000 to 2005 were collected and descriptive epidemiological analysis was made by spss12. 0. Results The average annual incidence rate of measles in the all districts of Yibin, and both sporadi 6 years was 12. 13/100 000. The reported measles cases distributed in c and local outbreak measles existed. Measles incidence rate and measles vaccination rate were different in the 9 districts of Yibin. The prevalent season was from March to May. The cases aged 2 to 5 years accounted of 43.96% of all cases. And those who had been vaccinated against measles before accounted for 34. 14% , and 64.94% of cases younger than 1 year old were not vaccinated. Conclusion Lower immunization coverage rate and lower immune successful rate were the most important causes for outbreaks of measles. Thus, it is the ultimate measure to improve the immunization coverage rate and the immune successful rate for control measles.
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
2007年第3期176-178,共3页
Occupational Health and Damage
关键词
麻疹
发病率
流行病学
Measles
Incidence
Epidemiology
