摘要
亚里士多德的实践哲学开启了西方实践哲学的传统,而“实践”正是这个实践哲学传统的核心概念。“实践”,也就是行为,在亚里士多德那里主要意指与生产劳动相区别的伦理和政治行为。因此,伦理学和政治学便构成了亚氏实践哲学的主要内容。在亚里士多德那里,伦理学通过对善的思考导向对人的有目的的行为的思考,进而研究统摄一切目的的目的——人存在的意义这一根本问题,从而成为实践哲学的基本科学。而政治学研究的是人在共同体中的自由生活,研究的是善在自由的政治共同体中的实现。伦理学指向道德行为的政治起源,政治学指向政治共同体的道德意义和道德目的,伦理学和政治学紧密相连,不可分割。从伦理学到政治学,标志着亚里士多德实践哲学的完成。
Aristode＇s philosophy of praxis begins the tradition of the western philosophy of praxis. Praxis is a key concept of Aristotle＇s philosophy. Praxis, is just action, means the ethical and political action different from productive labor or making in Aristotle＇s philosophy of praxis. So, ethics and politics become the main part of Aristotle＇s philosophy of praxis. Ethics becomes the basic science of philosophy of praxis by virtue of its thinking of the action of the human being through thinking of Good, and researching the basic problem of the meaning of the human＇s existence. And politics researches the problem of the human＇s freedom and the realizing of Good in Polis. Ethics points the political origin of moral action, in the meantime, politics illuminates the moral meaning and moral purpose of the Polis. From ethics to politics, it marks the accomplishment of Aristotle＇s philosophy of praxis.
