摘要
北极淡水鱼类和洄游鱼类会以不同方式回应气候变化的各种影响。对于分布广泛的鱼类(其中有很多是北极水生生态系统及渔业的重要组成部分),由于种内和种间的差异、ACIA区域内气候驱动力影响的不同、地区之间驱动力的差异,它们的可能的反应是形形色色的。这种多样性,加上对鱼类的气候反应方面的了解普遍很有限,使得我们通过所选的重要的鱼类,仅列举出一些可能的反应。因此,ACIA区域内鱼种之间可能影响的深入检验,以及跨区域的对比研究很有必要。这里以两种特别重要的鱼类(北极红点鲑和大西洋鲑)为例进行讨论,以为此类研究提供背景资料。
Arctic freshwater and diadromous fish species will respond to the various effects of climate change in many ways. For wide-ranging species, many of which are key components of northern aquatic ecosystems and fisheries, there is a large range of possible responses due to inter- and intra-specific variation, differences in the effects of climate drivers within ACIA regions, and differences in drivers among regions. All this diversity, coupled with limited understanding of fish responses to climate parameters generally, permits enumeration only of a range of possible responses which are developed here for selected important fishes. Accordingly, in-depth examination is required of possible effects within species within ACIA regions, as well as comparative studies across regions. Two particularly important species (Arctic char and Atlantic salmon) are examined as case studies to provide background for such studies.
