摘要
一些气候驱动变量(如气温和降水量)的预期变化与北极的淡水生态系统和生物区系有很大的相关性。这些将对那里当前的生态系统和鱼类产生许多直接和间接的影响。预期鱼种群的变化总体上是从正面到负面,随鱼种而不同,相同鱼种不同种群也有差异,取决于鱼种的生物学特性和耐受力。在当地水域内,鱼种群的变化是综合的。这会对未来北极的淡水鱼和河海洄游性鱼类带来大范围的可能性。由于缺乏北方地区鱼类生物学与生境相互作用方面的基本知识,加上未来气候预测的尺度问题和不确定性,大多数案例研究只能给出那些定性情景。这限制了在北极应对气候变化对鱼类和渔业影响所做的一些准备。
Projected shifts in climate forcing variables such as temperature and precipitation are of great relevance to arctic freshwater ecosystems and biota.These will result in many direct and indirect effects upon the ecosystems and fish present therein.Shifts projected for fish populations will range from positive to negative in overall effect,differ among species and also among populations within species depending upon their biology and tolerances,and will be integrated by the fish within their local aquascapes.This results in a wide range of future possibilities for arctic freshwater and diadromous fishes.Owing to a dearth of basic knowledge regarding fish biology and habitat interactions in the north,complicated by scaling issues and uncertainty in future climate projections,only qualitative scenarios can be developed in most cases.This limits preparedness to meet challenges of climate change in the Arctic with respect to fish and fisheries.
