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人工角膜在治疗严重化学烧伤眼中的研究 被引量:14

Clinical application of heratoprosthesis for corneal opacity caused by chemical burn unsuitable for keratoplasty
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摘要 目的探讨严重化学烧伤性角膜混浊患者行人工角膜植入术的临床效果和并发症等。方法选择2000年10月至2006年3月于解放军总医院眼科就治的28例因严重化学烧伤导致双眼盲目患者的单侧眼,术前视力14只眼为手动,14只眼为光感,并且角膜混浊病变无法采用常规角膜移植手术达到复明目的。其中严重碱烧伤20只眼,严重酸烧伤8只眼。人工角膜植入术分两期:Ⅰ期手术将人工角膜支架植入角膜层间,所选患眼行角膜表面或层间加固性手术。3个月后行Ⅱ期手术,植入带螺纹的人工角膜光学部。常规行晶状体、部分虹膜及前部玻璃体切除术,将外1/3上、下睑缘做永久性缝合。对完全睑球粘连者,用上、下睑皮肤覆盖角膜表面,仅暴露人工角膜光学部。结果Ⅱ期术后观察3—65个月,平均22.6个月,28只眼中有21只眼裸眼视力≥0.05(75%),其中2只眼裸眼视力≥1.0。经镜片矫正后,11只眼(39%)视力为0.6—1.2;1只眼(4%)0.3~0.5;5只眼(18%)0.05—0.25;3只眼(11%)手动;3只眼(11%)光感;1只眼(4%)无光感。手术并发症包括分离角膜板层时穿人前房,晶状体皮质残留,继发性青光眼,镜柱前表面组织或上皮增生遮盖,镜柱后壁沉着物,角膜溶解,眼内炎,视网膜脱离。结论人工角膜是目前对严重角膜瘢痕、血管化的双眼化学烧伤患者有效的复明手段。该术式结合自体结膜遮盖、自体骨膜移植加固及睑裂部分缝合等,有利于人工角膜的长期存留。术后定期复查、积极预防并发症是保持视力的有效手段。 Objective To evaluate the results of keratoprosthesis for eyes with complicated corneal opacities and unsuitable for keratoplasty due to the chemical burn. Methods Twenty-eight keratoprosthesis were implanted in 28 patients with bilateral blindness. Preoperative visual acuity (VA) was light perception in all operated eyes. The corneal opacities were caused by severe alkali burn (20 eyes) and, sulfate acid injury (8 eyes). The keratoprosthesis ( MICOF. ) were made by Moscow Eye Microsurgery Complex in Russia. Russial surgical techniques consisted of two stages : first stage, inserting a supporting titanium frame into the lamellar pocket and then, implanting an optical part 3 months later. Results Follow-up time ranged from 3 to 65 months (22. 6 months on average). In 21 of 28 eyes (75%) , postoperative VA ranged from 0. 05 to 1.0 without correction. Corrected postoperative VA was : 11 eyes ( 39% ) with VA from 0. 6 to 1.2; 1 eye (4 %) from 0. 3 to 0.5; 5 eyes (18%) from 0.05 to 0.25; 3 eyes (11%) with VA hand movement; 3 eyes (11%) with VA light perception and 1 eye (4%) with VA no light perception. Conclusion Keratoprosthesis improves vision of corneal opacity patients with complicated conditions result caused by chemical burn, such as dense neovascularization and severe ocular surface disorders.
出处 《中华眼科杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第4期297-302,共6页 Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
基金 全军医药卫生科研基金资助项目(06MA281)
关键词 眼烧伤 烧伤 化学 角膜 生物相容性材料 Eye burns Burns,chemical Cornea Biocompatible materials
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参考文献9

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二级参考文献15

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