摘要
作为探讨红细胞自然去核机理的形态学基础,本文用扫描电镜、透射电镜技术,观察了小鼠红细胞成熟过程中自然去核现象及相关的细微结构变化。贫血小鼠骨髓中晚幼缸细胞表面有微绒毛和皱襞,核异染色质聚集成异染色质块,胞质中细胞器退化,结构趋于简单。晚幼成红细胞经历一个特殊的排核过程,包括核偏位、出现细胞突起和伪足样结构,线粒体及其他细胞器团集于偏位核一方,胞核排出时表面带有一薄层胞质而并不完全裸露。伴随胞核排出的细胞表面最明显变化是微绒毛消失、小皱襞变成大皱襞。排核后的胞质体(网织红细胞)由不规则状逐渐演变为成熟红细胞的双凹盘状结构,排出的核表面先出现小孔或空洞,继而被巨噬细胞所吞噬。
As morphological basis of a search for the natural denucleation mechanism of erythroblast, the present paper is designed to study the natural denucleation process and its related ultrastruc-tural changes during mouse erythroblast maturation by scanning and transmission electron mic-roscopy. Results indicated that the late erythroblast taken from bone marrow of anemic BALB/C mice induced by injections of phenylhydrozine hydrochloride show abundant of microvilli and folds on their surface. The cell has a pyknotic nucleus with clumps of heterochromatin and contain with degenerated organelles in its simplified cytoplasmic structure. There is a unique process of expulsion of the nucleus during the transformation of the late erythroblast to reti-culocyte. One of the earliest stages of denucleation is the migration of nuclei and attaining an eccentric position, then the cytoplasm forms protrusions or pseudopod-like cytoplasmic exten-sions, mitochondria and memtranous elements congregate at the underside of nuclear envelope, the nucleus moves into the protrusion and gradually penetrate and eliminate as nucleus surround-ed by a narrow shell of cytoplasm. Some obvious changes occurred on the cell surface du-rind the process of nuclear elimination were the disappearance of microvilli and the small folds of surface. The nucleus-eliminated cytoplast (reticulocyte) gradually transform into mature red blood cells. There are some small pores or openings on the surface of extruded nuclei, which are soon phagocytized by macrophage.
出处
《电子显微学报》
CAS
CSCD
1989年第2期14-18,共5页
Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society
