摘要
目的了解高校教师的压力状况和常采用的压力应对方式,分析高校教师的压力来源及其与压力应对方式的关系。方法用整群随机抽样法抽取武汉市3所部属综合性大学的519名教师,采用“个人资料问卷”、“高校教师压力量表”和“应对方式量表”进行调查,对结果进行描述性分析,对压力源与应对方式进行相关分析。结果不同年龄、不同职称的高校教师压力差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),40岁以下的青年教师压力显著增大,助教和讲师的压力感受要比副教授和教授高;不同性别、不同文化程度的教师压力差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。高校教师多采用积极认识、直接集中资源行动和工具性社会支持的积极压力应对方式。不同压力因素与心理、行为解脱和伴随情感宣泄的情感性社会支持等一些消极的应对方式存在不同程度的正相关。结论高校教师的主要压力来自于工作负荷大、学校管理及制度、社会因素和个人职业发展等方面,社会、学校应予以高度重视,并采取有效措施,增强教师的应对能力,建立和完善社会支持系统,维护和促进高校教师的心理健康。
Objective To understand the stress status and coping styles among university teachers. Methods By using cluster sampling method, a total of 519 teachers from three universities in Wuhan city were included in this study by adopting self-made ＂Personal Data Questionnaire＂, ＂Scale for Stress on University Teachers＂ and ＂Scale for Coping Style on University Teachers＂. The data were descriptively analyzed and the relationship between stress source and coping styles studied by correlation analysis. Results The feeling of the stress by teachers with different ages and titles of technical post showed significant difference （P〈0.05）. The stress status of young teachers was obviously greater than the olders＇, and instructor＇s stress greater than professor＇s. The difference in stress conditions in the respects of gender and educational level was of no statistical significance （P〉0.05）. While encountering the stress events, the university teachers mainly coped with them actively. There was a significantly positive correlation between the degree of work stress and other coping styles except active coping style. Conclusion Stresses emerging from work burden, the management system of university and social status were the major source of the work stress on university teachers. Society and management of school should attach great importance to the considerably high degree of stress among teachers in university. Effective measures should be taken to build up coping ability of teachers, to establish and perfect the system of social support and to improve teachers＇ mental health.
出处
《华中科技大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第1期101-104,共4页
Acta Medicinae Universitatis Scientiae et Technologiae Huazhong
关键词
高校教师
压力状况
应对方式
teachers in universities
stress status
coping style
