1Deuss U,Dietrich J,Kaulen D,et al.The stress response to laparoscopic cholecystectomy:investigation of endocrine parameters[J].Endoscopy,1994,26 (2):235-238.
2Kehlet H.Surgical stress response:does endoscopic surgery confer an advantage?[J].World J Surg,1999,23(8):801 -807.
3Kahlet H,Wilmore DW.Fast track surgery.http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/535637 Sandrick[G].American College of Surgery Clinical Congress,1999,10-15.
4Basse L,Thorbol JE,Lossl K,et al.Colonic surgery with accelerated rehabilitation or conventional care[J].Dis Colon Rectum,2004,47(3):271 -277.
5Wilmore DW.From cuthbertson to fast track surgery:70 years of progress in reducing stress in surgical patients[J].Ann Surg,2002,236 (5):643-648.
7Schmidt M,Lindenauer PK,Fitzgerald JL,et al.Forecasting the impact of a clinical practice guideline for perioperative betablockers to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality[J].Arch Intern Med,2002,162(1):63 -69.
8Herndon DN,Hart DW,Wolf SE,et al.Reversal of catabolism by beta-blockade after severe burns[J].N Engl J Med,2001,345(17):1223-1229.
9Nygren J,Soop M,Thorell A et al,Preoperative oral carbohydrates and postoperative insulin resistance[J].Clin Nutr,1999,18 (2):117 -120.
10Bucher P,Gervaz P,Soravia C,et al,Randomized clinical trial of mechanical bowel preparation versus no preparation before elective left-sided colorectal surgery[J].Br J Surg,2005,92 (4):409 -414.
