摘要
目的:聚氨酯和硅橡胶具有良好的生物相容性、优异的力学性能、易成型加工、性能可控等优点。因此,研究聚氨酯和硅橡胶在医疗器械和人体器官设计有重要意义。资料来源:应用计算机检索国外“EI,SCI,CA,ScienceDirect(Elsevier)”等数据库的文章,检索词“Siliconrubber,polyurethane,medicalmaterials”,限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据1995-01/2006-05期间的相关文章,检索词“硅橡胶、聚氨酯,医用材料”,限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取符合研究要求的有关文章找全文。纳入标准:①有关硅橡胶和聚氨酯方面的研究。②有关医用橡胶器械和人体器官设计的研究。排除标准:重复研究。资料提炼:共收集到122篇有关医用橡胶材料的文章,排除重复或类似的同一研究,16篇符合研究要求。资料综合:①硅橡胶及聚氨酯的结构性能:硅橡胶是以高分子量的线型聚有机硅氧烷为基础,添加特定组分,加工后,制成具有一定强度和伸长率的橡胶态弹性体。聚氨酯弹性体是由软链段和硬链段交替镶嵌组成的、含有许多-NHCOO-基团的极性高聚物,可以合成具有血液相溶性和生物相溶性的医用高分子材料。②医用胶塞、胶管及其他橡胶制品研究:综合了医疗药剂密封包装胶塞的弹性、耐水、耐油、耐寒性、耐药物及耐消毒灭菌处理研究;对针刺后仍能保持原有的密闭性和气密性的研究等。③国外用于人体器官研究:包括骨折修复材料,颅骨、脑膜、鼻梁、耳廓、下颌、气管、泪道栓、肺薄膜、心瓣、胃肠、腹膜、阴茎、指关节、肌腱、膝盖膜、皮肤和乳房等研究及设计。结论:硅橡胶、聚氨酯医用材料研究,使人们能够设计和制造出价格低廉的人造器官和医疗器械,使更多的医用材料投入临床应用,以满足广大患者的需要。
OBJECTIVE： Polyurethane （PU） and silicon rubber have good biocompatibility, excellent mechanical properties, easy processing and controlled properties, etc. Therefore, their researches exhibit an important significance in the designs of the medical appliance and body apparatus. DATA SOURCES： The computer respectively indexed the database articles of abroad El, SCI, CA, Science Direct （Elsevier） and Chinese periodical full text from January 1995 to May 2006, the indexed words were ＂Silicon rubber, polyurethane, medical materials＂, the article language category was limited respectively in English and Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： The relevant articles （full text） that meet the study Were selected by the first trial. Inclusion criteria： ① Related to silicon rubber and polyurethane. ② The medical rubber apparatus and body organ design. Exclusion criteria： The repetitive studies. DATA EXTRACTION： Collect totally 122 relevant articles that use the medicinal rubber materials, and expel the repetitive or similar research, therefore 16 articles meeting the request. DATA SYNTHESIS： ① Medicinal gum, hose and other products： The medical stopper used for sealing is requested to have the flexibility, resistant to cold, water, oil and disinfectant, and pinprick can still keep the original closeness and gastightness, etc. ② The abroad body organs： The material of repairing fracture, skull, meninges, bridge, auricle, mandible, windpipe, tear bolt, lung membrane, heart valve, stomach, intestine, peritoneum, penis, knuckle, muscle, knee membrane, skin and breast. ③ The research and expectation of the medicinal silicon rubber and polyurethane offer more medicinal apparatus and body organ. CONCLUSION： The study of the medicinal silicon rubber and polyurethane make people design and produce more cheap artificial organ and medicinal apparatus. More materials were applied to the clinic, so that satisfy the demand of many patients.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第45期217-219,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
