摘要
目的:随着纳米技术的不断发展,越来越多的纳米化技术被应用到生物医药领域,为疾病的诊断和治疗提供极大的利益。但是,当这些产品最终应用到人体的时候,引发了一系列的思考,纳米材料的毒性不断被报道。因此各国的科学家都呼吁在纳米生物医疗产品被更广泛的应用之前,应该通过进一步的实验对其风险收益比进行评估。了解纳米材料在体内和体外的特殊化学、物理性质对揭示纳米效应引起毒性和生物活性的机制也是至关重要的。资料来源:英文文献部分引自第七届国际生物材料会议论文;其余应用计算机检索Medline1999-07/2006-02与纳米材料安全性相关的文章,检索词为“NanoSafety,nanotoxicology,nanomaterials”,限定语种为English;同期检索http://www.cqvip.com.cn中文全文数据库文献,检索词“纳米安全性,纳米毒性,纳米材料”,限定语言为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选出其中与纳米材料特殊理化性质及纳米材料安全性评价相关的文章共48篇。资料提炼:48篇粗选文献中有12篇是类似或重复的研究,予以排除。将纳入的36篇进行整理。参考文献列出其中的26篇。资料综合:应用于疾病的诊断、治疗、组织修复中的纳米生物材料,与机体接触后会通过多种途径进入人体,并能通过血液循环达到全身各部位。与常规的生物材料不同,纳米材料非常微小,具有很多特殊的理化性质,引发出一些特殊的生物效应。结论:纳米性质引发的特殊生物效应决定了,如果只采用常规的实验方法来检测纳米医药产品的生物安全性,明显是不科学也是不充分的。进行纳米材料的安全性评价时应充分考虑其物理化学性质和在机体中的存在状态。
OBJECTIVE： The blossom of nanotechnology leads to substantive changes in biomedical field, which dramatically improves the effectiveness of disease diagnosis and treatment. However, when the products are used into human body, it evokes a series thought and the toxicology is reported successively. Therefore, the scientists around the world appeal that before the commercial benefits of these materials can be fully realized, the evaluation of the human health implications of exposure to nanoscale materials will be urgently needed. Furthermore, to well understand their properties and characteristics both outside and within the biological environment is benefit for revealing the toxicological and bioactive mechanisms. DATA SOURCES： The English-published articles were partly cited from the 7^th World Biomaterials Congress and the others were searched in Medline Database between July 1999 and February 2006 by using the key words of ＂Nano Safety, nanotoxicology, nanomaterials＂, and the language was limited to English. Meanwhile, the website http：//www. cqvip.com.cn was searched for related articles using the same key words in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： The data were selected firstly and finally 48 articles about the safety evaluation of nanomaterials and characteristic of nanoscale materials were collected. DATA EXTRACTION： Among the 48 articles, 12 pieces were excluded due to the repeated or similar contents. The selected 36 literatures were classified and arranged, out of which 26 were selected in the references. DATA SYNTHESIS： Biomedical nanomaterials applied in diagnosis, treatment of disease and tissue repair can enter the body through many approaches and reach to every part through blood circulation. Being different from regular biomaterials, nanomaterials are comparatively small and have a lot of special physieo-ehemieal properties, which can result in some special biological effects. CONCLUSION： That nanostrueture can induce some special biological activities demands that it is not scientific and satisfactory to detect the biological safety of nano pharmaceutical products by using the traditional screening approaches. Therefore, it is essential to pay attention to their physieo-ehemieal properties and the existence in body when evaluating the safety of nanomaterials.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第45期132-135,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
