摘要
目的:对比观察本体感神经肌肉易化法牵伸、斜刺阿是穴对一次大强度力竭离心运动所致延迟性肌肉酸痛的治疗作用。方法:①于2006-05/06选择山东理工大学体育学院学生30人,均为健康男性,且对治疗方案知情同意。按照条件对等原则随机分为3组:牵伸组、斜刺组和对照组,每组10人。②让受试者先做5组原地蛙跳共60个,然后在跑台上沿-15°斜坡以10km/h跑速跑至力竭造成延迟性肌肉酸痛。第1次治疗时间均为力竭跑后即刻,而后每隔24h治疗1次,共进行4次。牵伸组:先做5min的准备活动,再做10min的小腿三头肌本体感神经肌肉易化牵伸练习,然后使用“收缩-放松-向相反方向牵伸法”。斜刺组:在小腿三头肌用28号3寸毫针在沿此束肌肉长轴距最痛点适当距离处垂直进针,针尖进入皮下疏松结缔组织层时调整进针角度向痛点斜向刺入。在有明显的酸胀感觉时留针3～15min,不提插捻转,当针感消失或明显缓解后即可出针。对照组:进行15min的基本活动:先做5min慢跑,再进行10min专项基本活动。③于运动前安静时和运动后24,48,72h先采用美国RT-1904C型半自动化分析仪检测血清磷酸激酶活性;再按照测量血压的方法,记录当触压到小腿三头肌感到酸痛的程度时,看水银压力计对应的刻度,作为受试者的主观酸痛感觉阈。压力越小表示主观察酸痛感觉越明显。全部选取右腿进行测试。最后记录每个学生的原地纵跳摸高高度值(做3次,记录最高值),反映小腿三头肌的肌力强弱。运动后测试于当天做完相应治疗措施后进行。④计量资料差异性比较,组内采用配对t检验,组间采用t检验。对血清肌酸激酶和主观酸痛感觉阈值进行Pearson相关分析。结果:学生30人均进入结果分析。①血清肌酸激酶活性(反映受损肌肉恢复程度):牵伸组、斜刺组运动员运动后48和72h均明显低于对照组(t=3.25～4.31,P<0.01),且运动后72h已经下降至接近安静时(P>0.05),牵伸组、斜刺组间比较,差异不明显(P>0.05)。对照组在运动后各时间段均明显高于安静时(t=4.80～10.62,P<0.01)。②主观酸痛感觉阈:牵伸组和斜刺组运动后各时段均明显高于对照组(t=2.63～4.19,P<0.05～0.01),两组各时段差异不明显(P>0.05);牵伸组和斜刺组只在运动后72h接近安静时(P>0.05),而对照组在运动后各时间段均明显低于安静时(t=4.43～16.61,P<0.01)。③纵跳摸高高度值(反映小腿三头肌肌力):斜刺组运动后24h明显高于对照组(t=3.28,P<0.01);牵伸组与对照组相近,两组均明显低于安静时(t=2.48,3.55,P<0.01)。④血清肌酸激酶活性与主观酸痛感觉阈的相关性:运动后48和72h的血清肌酸激酶活性与除安静时各时段主观酸痛感觉阈呈显著负相关(r=-0.443～0.487,P<0.05～0.01)。结论:①本体感神经肌肉易化法牵伸和斜刺均可以明显加快运动员受损肌肉的恢复、降低主观酸痛感觉。②斜刺阿是穴提高运动员肌力的效果优于本体感神经肌肉易化法牵伸,特别是运动后24h。③在一次大强度离心力竭跑后48和72h,血清肌酸激酶活性变化与主观酸痛感觉有关,而在运动后24h内两者无明显相关性。
AIM： To research and compared the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation （PNF） stretching and puncturing Ashi point on delayed-onset muscle soreness （DOMS） of triceps surae after a bout exhaustive eccentric exercise.
METHODS： ①Thirty healthy male students were selected from Shandong University of Technology from May to June in 2006, they were informed of the detection scheme and consented, then wererandomly divided into 3 groups： PNF group, puncturing group and contrast group, each containing 10 subjects. ②All the subjects were required to do 5 sets of frog-jumps （totally 60） in situ, and then run along a 15℃ slope on treadmill at the rate of 10 km per hour in order to induce DOMS, The treatment was first carried out instantly after exhaustive exercise, and then once every 24 hours, totally 4 times. PNF group： After 5-minute warm-ups and 10-minute PNF stretching exercise of triceps surae, the method of contraction-relaxation-stretching was adopted; Puncturing group： No.28 needle was inserted vertically in the distance from the painful point of muscle macroaxis, and the needle tip that directly aimed at the loose connective tissue layer was adjusted to prick into painful point at an oblique angle. The needle wound be stayed for 3-15 minutes without lifting, thrusting or twirling of needle if the subjects felt aching pain, and wound be withdrawn if the feeling disappeared or obviously relieved; Contrast group： The 15- minute basic activity included a 5-minute slow running and a 10-minute special activity. ③American RT-1904C semi-automatic analyzer Was used to detect the serum creatine kinase （SCK） activity before exercise and 24, 48 and 72 hours after exercise; The corresponding scale of mercury manometer was taken as subjective pain tolerance threshold, and the less pressure indicated the more obvious pain perception. All the tests were done in the right legs. Jump touching （recorded 3 times and selected the highest value） of each student was measured to reflect the muscle force of triceps surae. ④Measurement data were analyzed with pairwise t test for intergroup comparison and with t test intragroup comparison. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted for SCK and subjective pain tolerance threshold.
RESULTS： All 30 participators entered the final analysis.①SCK activity （reflecting the recovery of damaged muscle）： At 48 and 72 hours of eccentric exercise, SCK of PNF group and puncturing group were notably lower than that of contrast group （t=3.25-4.31, P 〈 0.01）, and declined to the level before exercise at hour 72 （P 〉 0.05）; The difference was significant between PNF group and puncturing group （P 〉 0.05）. In addition, SCK activity of contrast group after exercise was obviously higher than that at rest （t=4.80-10.62, P 〈 0.01）.②The subjective pain tolerance threshold at different time points after exercise was obviously higher in PNF group and puncturing group than in contrast group （t=2.63-4.19, P 〈 0.05-0.01）, with the insignificant difference between PNF group and puncturing group （P 〉 0.05）; After exercise, the threshold was markedly lower in contrast group than at rest （t=4.43-16.61, P 〈 0.01）, and only at hour 72 of exercise, the threshold was similar in PNF group and puncturing group to that at rest （P 〉 0.05）. ③Jump touching （reflecting the muscle force of triceps surae） was obviously higher in puncturing group than in contrast group at hour 24 after eccentric exercise （t=3.28, P 〈 0.01）; PNF group＇s jump touching was identical with that of contrast group, but both groups were obviously lower than that at rest （t=2.48, 3.55, P 〈 0.01）.④ SCK activity at 48 and 72 hours after exercise had a significantly negative correlation with the subjective pain tolerance threshold expect at rest （r=-0.443-0.487, P 〈 0.05-0.01）.
CONCLUSION： ① PNF stretching and puncturing can accelerate the recovery of damaged muscle and decline subjective pain tolerance threshold after a bout utmost eccentric exercise. ②Compared with PNF stretching, puncturing Ashi point can obviously rise muscle force of athletes, especially at 24 hours after eccentric exercise.③The SCK activity and subjective pain tolerance threshold are correlated obviously at 48 and 72 hours after exercise, but the correlation is not significant within 24 hours after exercise.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第43期14-17,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
