摘要
基本权利的主体有个人、公民、法人、组织集体之分,基本权利的最主要主体是个人,这是宪法思想史和宪法性文件所昭示的。中国宪法规定公民作为基本权利主体,个人只是义务主体。这样使得基本权利主体范围减少,在理论上与中国宪法规定的人权原理相悖。其原因有理论上的误区,也有翻译的误导。建议把中国宪法文本中的“公民的基本权利和义务”改为“基本权利”或者“人和公民的基本权利”,其具体内容则重新以“个人”基本权利为主进行规范,使得宪法规范中的基本权利条款与人权规范的本质特点相一致。
Individual, citizen and organization are the subjects of fundamental rights. But the most important is individual. This is revealed by the history of constitution and constitution itself. Chinese consttution only prescribes citizen as the subject of right, and individual as the subject of duty. This make the scope of subject decrease, and it contradicts with the human rights theory. There are many reasons for this, such as the misuse of theory and the misleading of translation. So this article suggests that ＂the fundamental rights and duty of citizen＂ in constitution should be amended to ＂fundament rights＂. And the contents of ＂the fundamental fights of citizen＂ should be stipulated around ＂the fundamental fights of individual＂. So that the substance of the fundamental fights in constitution will be consistent with the human rights.
出处
《时代法学》
2006年第5期32-37,共6页
Presentday Law Science
关键词
宪法文本
个人
公民
基本权利主体
constitution
individual
citizen
the subjects of fundamental rights
