摘要
目前,有两种观察国际体系的视角,一种是威斯特伐利亚视角,认为全球化并未使体系发生面向新体系的本质变革,变化是形式上的,主要是体系构成单位内部发生的变化,而且仅仅是权力分配结构同质性程度上的问题而已;另一种是超越威斯特伐利亚视角,认为国际体系中的历史性变迁导致其转型,即在全球化作用下,世界已经开始从基于军力和单边行动的国际无政府状态,逐渐转向多边合作共治和自主解决问题相结合的全球社会的早期状态。这反映了现实世界中的悖论:美国超强霸权的指向与全球化所代表的历史大趋势。前一种趋势给中美关系带来了两重性,遏制与围堵的一面压缩了中国的战略空间,建设性合作的一面孕育着中国更大的战略空间;后一种趋势则给中国带来生机无限的全球战略空间,中国应走和平发展的道路,采用经济外交、多边主义和睦邻政策三位一体的新外交,发挥自己的最大优势,不断开拓全球化蕴涵的无限空间。
Currently, there are two perspectives regarding the international system. The traditional Westphalian perspective contends that globalization has not fundamentally transformed the international system. Changes have only occurred formally, mainly within the units constituting the system, and also in terms of the degree of homogeneity in the power distribution structure. The beyond-Westphalian perspective holds that the historic changes in the international system have resulted in its transformation. In other words, in the era of globalization the world has changed from an anarchical system, characterized by military power and unilateral action, to the early stage of a global society in which governance through multilateral cooperation is combined with states solving problems autonomously. This reflects the greatest paradox in the real world: the direction of American hegemony and the historic trend indicated by globalization. The direction of American hegemony brings about the ambiguities in Sino-American relations. On the one hand, the containment and blockage of China further constrain China’s strategic space; on the other hand, constructive cooperation produces broader strategic space for China. In contrast, the historic trend brings infinite global strategic space for China. China should shake off the interference from its opponents and insist on peaceful development. Meanwhile, China should adopt the New Diplomacy with a combination of economic diplomacy, multilateralism, and a good neighborly policy, with a view to exert￣ing its best advantages and exploring the infinite space of the globalization.
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第10期29-35,共7页
World Economics and Politics
