摘要
用完全随机区组设计的方法在三个池塘中进行了源于长江的鲢、草鱼原种与封闭人繁群体子三代１龄鱼种阶段的生长比较试验。结果表明：原种鲢、草鱼的体长绝对增长高出封闭人繁子三代群体１７－２１％，相对增长（瞬时增长率）快１３－１８％；体重绝对增重高出２５－２６％，相对增重（瞬时增重率）快１５－２０％。但这些差异（Ｐ＞００５）均未达数理统计上差异显著的标准。又用同工酶电泳，测定了鲢、草鱼的原种、原种Ｆ１代、封闭人繁子三代共六个群体肌肉、肝脏组织中１０种酶、一种蛋白质１８－１９个位点上的等位基因频率变异。未见两种鱼的三个群体间的多态座位比例有何不同，但平均杂合度有异，其大小顺序都是原种＞封闭人繁子三代＞原种Ｆ１代。聚类分析显示：鲢、草鱼两种鱼封闭人繁群体对原种的亲缘关系都较远。另外，发现在鲢、草鱼原种中存在一条特殊的酶带ＥＳＴ－５。本研究结果证明：封闭人繁群体在生长性能上不如原种，在生化遗传上已出现有别于原种种群的变化。
The growth comparison experiment for wild stock and isolated hatchery population (third generation from wild) from Yangtze River of silver carp and grass carp was conducted with completely random block design during their first year stage. Compared with hatchery population, the wild stock of silver carp and grass carp was 17-21% higher in absolute growth rate of body length, 13-18% higher in instantaneous growth rate of body length; 25-26% higher in absolute growth rate of body weight, 15-20% in instantaneous growth rate of body weight. However, these differences were not significant (P>0 05). Allelic frequency variation on 18-19 loci of 10 enzymes and protein from the wild stock, F1 of wild stock in hatchery and isolated hatchery population of silver carp and grass carp were analyzed with isoenzyme electrophoresis. It was found that there were no significant difference in mean proportion of polymorphic loci (P), but there were significant difference in the average heterozygosity per locus (H) among 3 tested groups of silver carp and grass carp respectively at a rank of wild stock> isolated hatchery population>F1 of wild. Cluster analysis showed that the genetic distance between isolated hatchery population and wild stock was higher. In addition, a specific EST-5 band was found in the wild stock of silver carp and grass carp. This study indicats that isolated hatchery population is worse than the wild population in growth, and have a slight biochemical genetic differences with wild population.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
1996年第4期1-10,共10页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
关键词
鲢
草鱼
原种
人繁群体生长
同功酶电泳
遗传
Silver carp, Grass carp, Wild population, F1 of wild, Isolated hatchery population, Growth, Enzyme
