摘要
本文调查了近20种语言中的动宾饰名复合词,初步肯定其优势语序为 OVN 型(如英语和德语)和 NVO 型(如越南语和泰语),汉语的 OVN 型复合词(如"纸张粉碎机")体现了语言的共性;而汉语的个性在于 VON 型复合词(如"碎纸机"和"抽油烟机")。本文不同意端木三(Duanmu,1997)和冯胜利(2004)的观点,即认为汉语 OVN 型复合词的成因与重音和韵律等音系因素有关;也不同意何元建(2004)等对 OVN 型复合词的形式分析。本文认为,从形式上分析,OVN 型复合词的成因应归结为"去动词化",而从功能上分析,也有"核心靠近"原则作为辅证。而汉语"单单式 VON 型复合词"的成因应归结为"韵律构词",它是韵律限制句法的一个例证。最后,本文还简单地讨论了两类特殊 VON 型复合词的成因。
Based on a survey of the word order of verb-object compounds modifying head nouns in about 20 languages,this paper proposes that the dominant orders are OVN (e.g.English and German) and NVO (e.g.Vietnamese and Thai).The OVN compounds in Chinese represent language universality whereas the VON compounds reflect language individuality.It also gives an overall analysis of the generative mechanism of OVN and VON compounds after reviewing the previous analyses.It shows that the formation of OVN compounds could be ascribed to deverbalization and the Head Proximity Principle,and the formation of VON compounds in Chinese couldbeattributedtotheinfluenceof prosodicmorphology,under whichtwo monosyllabic words are merged into a new prosodic word.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第4期301-312,共12页
Studies of the Chinese Language
关键词
动宾饰名复合词
去动词化
核心靠近
韵律构词
VON/OVN compounds
deverblization
Head Proximity Principle
prosodic word
