摘要
目的：了解铜绿假单胞菌对广谱抗菌药物耐药趋势与该类药物消耗量之间的关系。方法：采用回顾性研究．统计2000年～2004年12种广谱抗生素的年消耗量及铜绿假单胞菌（PA）对这些药物的耐药率，采用多元线性回归对耐药性与消耗量进行分析。结果：5年来有10种抗生素的消耗量呈大幅下降，但头孢他啶、头孢吡肟的用量逐年增长。PA除对头孢噻肟和哌拉西林的耐药率有轻微上升及对头孢曲松的耐药率明显增加外，对其他9种抗菌药物的耐药率呈下降趋势。PA对亚胺培南耐药率与亚胺培南、氧氟沙星、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟消耗量有显著的线性依存关系；PA对头孢哌酮／舒巴坦和哌拉西林／他唑巴坦耐药率与环丙沙星用量之间、PA对头孢曲松耐药率与哌拉西林／他唑巴坦用量、PA对阿米卡星耐药率与哌拉西林用量之间也同样存在线性依存关系。结论：在有规律地轮换、限制使用抗菌药物的同时，应尽可能根据药敏试验结果合理使用抗菌药物，减少耐药产生；
OBJECTIVE： To study correlation between the resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa （PA） and broad - spectrum antibacterial consumption. METHODS： By taking retrospective study, annual consumption of 12 kinds of broad- spectrum antibacterials and resistance of PA to these antibacterials during the period 2000 - 2004 were counted up. The correlation between the resistance and consumption of antibacterials was analyzed by using multiple linear regression. RESULTS： The consumption of 10 kinds of antibacterials during the past 5 years significantly decreased, but that of ceftazidime and cefepime increased with years . Resistance rate of PA to nine kinds of broad - spectrum antibacterials appeared decreased tendency, but tended to slightly increase to cefotaxime and piperacillin and significantly increase to ceftriaxone. The resistance of PA to imipenem and consumption of imipenem, ofloxacin, ceftazidime and cefepime had obvious linear correlation; such linear correlations also respectively existed in the resistance of PA to cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam as well as consumption of ciprofloxacin, the resistance of PA to ceftriaxone and amikacin as well as consumption of piperacillin/tazobactam and the resistance of PA to amikacin and consumption of piperacillin. CONCLUSION ： While regularly alternating and restricting use of antibacterials, rational use of antibacterials should be as far as possible according to drug - sensitivity test, in order to reduce the occurrence of drug resistance.
出处
《中国医院用药评价与分析》
2006年第3期159-162,共4页
Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China
关键词
铜绿假单胞菌
广谱抗菌药物
耐药性
pseudomonas aeruginosa
broad - spectrum antibacterials
drug resistance
