摘要
依据生物多样性原理，构建、优化山区单季稻田鱼-鸭-稻共育生态系统，利用系统各生物因子的互作和生态链之间的关系，提高生态系统自身的调控作用。研究表明，通过尽量减少人为非生物因素的介入和干预，如减少化学农药的使用、改变用药组成结构，综合运用抗病（虫）丰产品种、垄畦栽培、应用竹醋液减量使用农药和穗期简化防治等技术，可有效提高生态系统本身鱼、鸭、蜘蛛等天敌对水稻虫害的调控能力，进而达到对水稻主要病虫纹枯病、稻曲病、二化螟、稻飞虱和稻纵卷叶螟的无害化治理。引入单季稻田鱼-鸭-稻共育复合生态系统，可比常规稻田减少1—2次农药施用、防治费用降低24．6％-50．2％，增效306．2—414．5元／667m^2。鱼、鸭达无公害农产品标准要求。
Aceording to the principle of biodiversity, fish-duck-rice symbiotic ecosystem of single rice in mountain area was established. Interaction of different biotic elements and relationship ,of different ecological chains were used to improve the controlling role of the ecosystem. The key technologies of controlling main pests and diseases fish-duck-rice symbiotic ecosystem included reducing the times and amounts of spraying pesticides, changing kinds of spraying pesticide, using rice varieties with high yield and strong resistance to pests and diseases, planting rice on mounds, spraying bamboo vinegar fluid, and controlling pests in heading stage.The results showed that these techniques could increase the controlling ability of rice pests by natural enemies （e.g. fish, duck and spiders） in the ecosystem. These techniques could reducing the times of spraying pesticides by 1 - 2 times, reduced controlling costs 24.6% - 50.2% and increase the profit of 306.2-414.5 Yuan/667m^2 as compared with traditional planting model. Fishes and ducks produced in the ecosystem were safety products.
出处
《浙江农业学报》
CSCD
2006年第3期183-187,共5页
Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis
基金
浙江省重点科技项目(01102202)
关键词
山区单季稻
鱼-鸭-稻共育
生态系统
single rice in mountain area
fish-duck-rice symbiotic system
ecosystem
