摘要
鲫鱼(Carassius auratusLinnaeus)是重要的淡水鱼类,也是重要的食用鱼种。鱼体内胆碱酯酶(ChE)活性的降低是水体环境抗胆碱酯酶类药剂污染的重要生物化学标记。本文研究了鲫鱼体内乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和丁酰胆碱酯酶(BuChE)的组织特异性分布及其对灭多威、硫双灭多威、克百威以及丁硫克百威等4种氨基甲酸酯类药剂的敏感度。AChE主要分布在鲫鱼的脑部,提取液中含有TritonX100时,AChE的比活力要比无Triton100时大,说明AChE是膜结合的。鲫鱼中肌肉、胰脏、肝脏、肠道中BuChE比活力较高。灭多威、硫双灭多威、克百威、丁硫克百威对鱼脑中的AChE的抑制中浓度(IC50)分别为9.47×10-7mol/L,1.34×10-6mol/L,2.40×10-7mol/L,2.75×10-6mol/L。上述4种氨基甲酸酯类农药对鱼脑中的AChE的抑制具有很好的剂量关系,表明鲫鱼脑AChE可以作为水体环境中氨基甲酸酯类药污染的生物化学标记。
This article is aimed to present the authors＇ research on the tissue distribution of Cholineserases and its sensitivity to carbamate insecticides in Carassius auratus. As is known, Carassius auratus is a fresh-water fish widely cultured for food consumption in China. Since Cholineserases in Carassius auratus is often used as an important biochemical marker associated with the contamination of anti-cholineserase agents in aquatic environment, the distribution of acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） and butyrylcholinesterase （BuChE） in different tissues of the fish has become a topic for investigation in the laboratories, and so has its sensitivity of the brain of the fish to the four carbamate insecticides, that is, methomyl, thiodicarb, carbofuran and carbosulfan. The specific activity of AChE in the brain of the fish has proved to be highest in the tested tissues. AChE has also been found in the brain, muscle, blood, heart, liver, pancreas, intestine, kidney, gill and bile of such fish. To be exact, the activities of AChE in the homogenates of various tissues prove to be higher with Triton X-100 than without Triton X-100, which indicates that AChEs in C. auratus were membrane-bound. IC50 values of methomyl, thiodicarb, carbofuran and carbosulfan （which inhibit the brain AChE of the fish） has been found to be 9.47 × 10^-7 mol/L, 1.34 × 10^-6 mol/L, 2.40 × 10^-7 mol/L, and 2.75 × 10^-6 mol/L, respectively. The tendency of the four carbamate insecticides inhibiting the brain AChE activities has actually revealed a good relationship dependent on concentration of insecticide. The above results suggest that it is possible to use the brain AChE of Carassius auratus as a biochemical marker to monitor the contamination of carbamate insecticides in the aquatic environment.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
2006年第3期57-60,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
北京市自然科学基金资助项目(6062018)
